词性变化和词性转换.docVIP

一、合成 有两个或两个以上的词合成的一个词。 如：合成名词、合成形容词、合成副词等。 fire + man ----fireman good+looking -----good-looking any+time ----anytime 一、派生 1、前缀：加前缀通常改变词义 反义词： un: healthy---unhealthy usual---unusual happy---unhappy dis: honest---dishonest appear---disappear like---dislike cover---discover im: possible---impossible in: dependent ----independent 一、派生 1、前缀：加前缀通常改变词义 反义词： un: healthy---unhealthy usual---unusual happy---unhappy dis: honest---dishonest appear---disappear like---dislike cover---discover im: possible---impossible in: dependent ----independent 2、后缀： 加后缀一般改变词性 （1）名词后缀： -er: manage—manager, own---owner, record---recorder report---reporter, teach---teacher, wait---waiter win----winner, work---worker , write---writer --or: visit---visitor , act---actor, invent---inventor -ress: wait---waitress, act---actress -(t)ion: invent梚nvention, pollute---pollution, attract梐ttraction, suggest---suggestion collect---collection, locate---location, operate---operation, protect---protection solve---solution, add---addition 2、后缀： 加后缀一般改变词性 （1）名词后缀： -ation: invite---invitation, organize---organization -(s)ion: discuss---discussion, decide---decision -ment: develop---development, amuse—amusement advertise---advertisement -ce: enter---entrance -ing: meet---meeting, paint---painting, say---saying begin---beginning, build---building 2、后缀： 加后缀一般改变词性 （2）名词+ist ; er变成表示人的名词 -ist: science--scientist, art—artist, tour—tourist -er: farm---farmer, engine---engineer, law---lawyer (3)形容词+ness, ty,ity, th, ce, dom变成名词 -ness: kind梜indness, ill梚llness; -ty: safe梥afety, difficult梔ifficulty, honest梙onesty--pai -ity: electric梕lectricity, national梟ationality, active梐ctivity, able梐bility -th: true梩ruth, long條ength -ce:different梔ifference, important梚mportance -dom: free梖reedom, wise梬isdom, (2) 动词后缀： 名词+ize变成动词： -ize: memory---memorize 2. 形容词+en 变成动词： wid