Unit 3 Grammer 导学案.docVIP

Unit 3 Grammar 导学案 (一) 时间状语从句 1. when， while和as 1) when的用法 (1) when既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。 When the film ended， the people went back. (2) when可用作并列连词，意为“在那时，在这时”，相当于and at this/that time。 I was thinking of this when I heard my name called. 我正想着这件事，突然听到叫我的名字。 (3) when还可表“既然”。 Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already？ 2) while的用法 (1) while可表“当……的时候”或“与……同时(发生) ”，while从句中的动作应该是可持续的。 (2) while表对比，意为“却，但是，然而”，用于强调两种情况、活动等之间的差别。 That region has plenty of natural resources while this one has none. (3) while可用来表“虽然，尽管”，相当于although。 While I understand what you say， I can’t agree with you. 2. as soon as， immediately， directly， instantly， the moment， the minute， the instant， no sooner ... than ...，hardly/scarcely ... when ... 和once (一……就……) 这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一…就……”注意：no sooner ... than ...； hardly/scarcely ... when ... 这一结构的时态搭配：no sooner与hardly/scarcely当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。 I had hardly got home when it began to rain. = Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. 3. till， until和not ... until … 1) till， until表“一直到……”。主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，主句、从句都为肯定式。 You may stay here until the rain stops. 2) till， until表“直到……才……”。主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，主句为否定式，从句为肯定式。 I didn’t learn to drive till I was thirty three. 3) till不可以置于句首，而until可以。 4) not ... until句型中的强调和倒装用法： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. (强调句型) Not until you told me did I have any idea of it. (not until置于句首，主句要倒装) 4. before和since 1) before可表“还未……就……，不到……就……，……才……，趁，还没来得及”或“以防”。before从句中谓语不用否定式。 We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. 我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。 2) before的句型：It will be +时间段+ before从句。表“多久之后才……”。 It will be some time before we know the full results. 再过些时候我们才能知道全部结果。 3) since表“自从……”。其主句多为现在完成时或现在完成进行时，从句多为一般过去时。 I have written home four times since I came here. 5. every time， each time， next time，the first time，any time，all the time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当……；每次……；下次……”等。 Every time I meet her I always