2014张剑考研10年真题5套模拟 试读.pdfVIP

2010 年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题分析　 Directions: Read the following text. Choosethebestword(s)for each numberedblank and markA,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In 1924 America’s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how shop-floor lighting 　 1　 workers’ productivity. Instead,the studies ended 　 2　 giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”,the extremely influential idea that the very 　 3　 of being experimented upon changed subjects’ behavior. The idea arosebecauseofthe　 4　 behaviorofthewomenintheplant. Accordingto　 5　 of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not 　 6　 what was done in the experiment; 　 7　 something was changed, productivity rose. A(n)　 8　 that they werebeing experimentedupon seemedto be　 9　 to alter workers’ behavior 　 10　 itself. After several decades,the same data were 　 11　 to econometric analysis. The Hawthorne experimentshad another surprise in store. 　 12　 the descriptionsonrecord,no systematic　 13　 wasfound that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that the peculiar way of conducting the experiments may have led to 　 14　 interpretations of what happened. 　 15　 ,lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday,output 　 16　 rose compared with the previous Saturday and 　 17　 to rise for the next couple of days. 　 18　 ,a comparison with data for weekswhen there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Mondays. Workers 　 19　 to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case,before 　 20　 a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged “Hawthorne effect” is hard to pin down. 1. [A] affected 　 　 　 [B] achieved　 　 　 [C] extracted　 　 　 [D] restored 2. [A] at [B] up