宾语从句直接引语与间接引语.ppt

二、 直接引语转间接引语结构 1、直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语，由连词that 引导。（that可以省略）句式…said/told that… 例如：She said: “ I am very happy to help you.” She said that she was very happy to help you. 2、直接引语是一般、选择或反问疑问句，变成间接引语，由连词whether或if 引导。 He asked me, Do you like playing football?→ 　　He asked me if/whether I liked playing football. He asked me: “Do you come from China?” He asked me if/whether I came from China. 注意：大多数情况下，if ,whether 可以互换，但句中出现or not,或放在介词后作连接词，只用whether。例如：She asked whether he could do it or not.They cried out whether he was all right. 3.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，由相应的疑问词who ,whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。句式…asked+疑问词… 例如：My sister asked me : “ What is your friend?”My sister asked me what your friend was. My sister asked me, How do you like the film?→ 　　My sister asked me how I liked the film. * 东城双语初中 赵英 直接引语变 间接引语 Direct Speech Indirect Speech 引述别人的话有两种方式： 一是使用引号引出人家的原话，叫做直接引语； 一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，叫做间接引语。 例如： She said, “I‘m going to London with my father.” （引号内 是直接引语） She said that she was going to London with her father. （宾语从句是间接引语） 直接引语转换为间接引语 一、由直接引语变为间接引语的方法 1． 人称的变化： 一般来说，直接引语的第一人称随主句中的主语而改变；第二人称随主句中宾语而改变；第三人称则不需要变化，即“一主二宾三不变”。 2. 时态的变化：主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时态，直接引语中的谓语动词的时态须做以下变化： 一般现在时变为一般过去时（但直接引语是客观事实、永恒真理，变间接引语时，时态不变） e.g.:They told their son:”The earth goes round the sun.” They told their son that the earth goes round the sun . 现在进行时变为过去进行时; 现在完成时变为过去完成时; 一般过去时变为过去完成时; 过去完成时则不变，仍是过去完成时; 一般将来时变为过去将来时 3.指示代词、地点状语、时间状语及动词的变化： 直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”； 地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”。 take bring go come 动词 there here 地点状语 the next week (term, year…) next week (term, year…) the next (following) day tomorrow two weeks (term, year…) before two weeks (term, year…)ago the week (term, year…) last week (term, year…) the day before yesterday that (week, term, year…) this(week, term, year…) that night tonight that day today then now 时 间 状 语 those these that this 指示代词 间接引