长链非编码RNA 的作用机制及其研究方法.pdf

HEREDITAS (Beijing) 2013 3 , 35(3): 269―280 ISSN 0253-9772 综 述 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2013.00269 长链非编码RNA 的作用机制及其研究方法 夏天, 肖丙秀, 郭俊明 , , 315211 长链非编码RNA(Long non-coding RNA, lncRNA)通过多种机制发挥其生物学功能, 这些机制包括基因 印记、染色质重塑、细胞周期调控、剪接调控、mRNA 降解和翻译调控等。lncRNA 通过这些作用机制在不同 水平进行基因表达调控。在研究 lncRNA 功能的过程中, 研究方法的建立和应用起着非常重要的作用。目前用 于lncRNA 研究的主要方法有：微阵列、转录组测序、Northern 印迹、实时荧光定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应、荧 光原位杂交、RNA 干扰和RNA 结合蛋白免疫沉淀等。文章着重介绍了3 种前沿方法, 即：在线快速预测RNA 与蛋白质相互作用的catRAPID 、RNA 纯化的染色质分离(Chromatin isolation by RNA purification, ChIRP) 以及 非编码RNA 沉默与定位分析技术(Combined knockdown and localization analysis of non-coding RNAs, c-KLAN) 。 长链非编码RNA; 作用机制; 基因表达调控; 研究方法 Acting mechanisms and research methods of long noncoding RNAs XIA Tian, XIAO Bing-Xiu, GUO Jun-Ming Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo 315211, China Abstract: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play biological roles through a variety of mechanisms, including genetic imprinting, chromatin remodeling, cell cycle control, splicing regulation, mRNA decay, and translational regulation. LncRNAs are involved in the regulation of gene expression through the above mechanisms in different levels. Establish- ment and application of research technologies are important in understanding of lncRNAs functions. Microarray, RNA se- quencing, Northern blot, real time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, fluorescence in situ hy- bridization, RNA interference, and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation are major tools of exploring biological func- tions of lncRNAs. Here, we highlighted three