英语语法第一轮复习---代词.doc

Unit 3 代词 代词分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词\疑问代词、连接代词、不定代词、关系代词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。 1、人称代词 （1）人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格，但应注意以下情况： 在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。如：He is taller than me但在下列句中有区别。I like Jack as much as her.=I like both Jack and her. I like Jack as much as she.=I like Jack and she likes him, too. (2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则： ①在并列主语中，“I”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二 三 一（人称）。宾格me也一样。 You ,she and I will be in charge of the case. Mr.Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him. ②第三人称，男女两性并用，男先女后。He and she still don’t agree to the plan. (3)几个人称代词的特殊用法。①we/you(口语)常用来泛指一般人。 ②she可以代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。The “Titanic”was the largest, wasn’t she? (4)It 的用法 ①．作人称代词 John likes playing Ping pong．/ He always does it in the afternoon．(指代上下文提到的事物)；/　　Its time we went home. / How far is it from here to your home ? / It is getting warmer and warmer．/ Its very quiet at the moment．(可指时间、天气、环境等) ②．引导词 Ａ．作形式主语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正主语。 Its important for us to learn a second language．/ Its no use talking to him．/ Its known to all that the earth goes round the sun． B．作形式宾语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正宾语。 We feel it our duty to help others．/ He made it clear that he would leave the city． C．强调结构：It is (was) +被强调部分＋that (或who)… 注意: 在强调结构中，如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语，其后的连接词也绝不能为when 或where，而应用that 。在复习中，一定要注意句式的不同。 　It was in Shanghai that I bought the guitar．(that引起强调句) 　It was Shanghai where I bought the guitar．(where引起定从) 　It was twelve oclock when we arrived there．(when引起时间状语从句） 　It was at twelve oclock that we arrived there．（that 引起强调句） 2.物主代词 （1）名词和形容词性物主代词各自的语法功能。 （2）one’s own…=...of one’s own句式的转换。His own money =money of his own 3.反身代词 （1）反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。 （2）反身代词和某些动词连有，构成固定短语。 enjoy oneself, feel oneself, make oneself at home, make oneself understood （3）反身代词还可用于某些成语中。 for oneself为自己或独立地，of oneself自然地，自动地by oneself独自地，in oneself本身性质，beside oneself喜怒哀愁至极 This problem gets a chapter to itself.这个问题占了一章（独有）。 Just between ourselves, I don’t think much of him.私下地说我并不怎么看重他。 They were discussing about it among them