雅思考试语法大总结.pptVIP

否定转移 1.将believe, think, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后的宾从的否定词转移到主句中；即主句谓语动词为否定式，从句为肯定式。 I don’t think I know you. 但谓语动词为hope时，否定词不能转移。 I hope you weren’t ill. 2. 将seem, appear等后的从句否定转移到前面 It doesn’t seem that they know where to go. It doesn’t appear that we’ll have a sunny day tomorrow. 3.有时可将动名词，介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定 I don’t remember having ever seen such a man. It’s not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street. 4.有时状语或状语从句中的否定可以转移到谓语动词前 The ant is not gathering this for itself alone. He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. She had not been married many weeks when that man’s younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty. 非谓语动词 动词不定式，分词和动名词 作主语，表语，宾语，定语，补语和状语等 非谓语动词 动词不定式 – 具名词，形容词和副词的特征 It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 否定式：not to do 不定式与疑问词连用，可做主语，宾语，表语等 时态被动 – to do, to be doing, to have done, to be done, to have been done To learn English well is not easy. My wish is to become a teacher. He stopped to have a look. He asked me not to make such a mistake. He doesn’t know how to use the machine. The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday. 非谓语动词 分词 – 定语，表语，状语，宾补，主语等 现在分词 – 主动，动作正在进行 过去分词 – 被动，动作已完成 时态：现在分词分一般时（表示与谓语动作同时发生，或发生在谓语之前）和完成时（发生在谓语动作前，常用作状语） 现在分词被动式 being done having been done 分词的否定式 not + 分词结构 Do you know the boy standing at the gate? I heard him singing a song in the classroom. While lying in bed, he listened to some music. Seen from the hill, the village looks more beautiful. This is one of the new supermarkets being built in our city. Not having heard the news, I wrote to him again. 分词独立主格结构 当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时， 带逻辑主语的分词短语成为独立主格结构，在句法上起状语作用 Weather permitting, they will go and visit the science museum. 非谓语动词 动名词 – 既有动词特征，又有名词特征 – 作主语，表语，宾语和定语 – 否定式 not+动名词 动名词复合结构 – 名词所有格或物主代词+动名词组成 动名词一般时，表示动作与谓语动作同时发生，或先后发生 动名词的完成时，表示在谓语动作之前发生 Smoking does great harm to people’s health. I have finished reading the novel. He made me angry by no