不同烤烟品种在河南不同地区的适应性比较.docVIP

不同烤烟品种在河南不同地区的适应性比较 　　摘 要：为了研究不同烤烟品种在河南不同地区的适应性，选取豫烟6号、豫烟10号、豫烟12号、云烟105这4个烤烟品种，在南阳、许昌、平顶山三地进行了4个品种的适应性比较试验。结果表明，从农艺性状来看，豫烟12号的打顶株高、留叶数、茎围、叶长、叶宽均大于其他3个品种；抗病性方面，云烟105的气候性斑点症、赤星病、花叶病发病率相对较高，豫烟12号黑胫病和根结线虫病发病率较高，豫烟10号的综合抗病性较好；从评吸结果来看，豫烟6号的综合表现较为优异；从经济性状的丰产性来看，豫烟10号要优于其他3个品种，云烟105次之；从稳定性来看，豫烟6号表现最好，豫烟10号表现稍差；豫烟10号主要化学成分含量的协调性好于豫烟6号、12号和云烟105，综合表现相对较为优异。 　　关键词：烤烟品种；适应性；不同地区；豫烟系列 　　中图分类号：S572文献标识码： A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2017.01.024 　　Abstract：To study on adaptability of different tobacco varieties in different regions in Henan， the paper chose Yuyan6， Yuyan10， Yuyan12 and Yunyan105 four tobacco varieties. The adaptability test were carried out in Xuchang， Pingdingshan and Nanyang. The results showed that through the main traits of four records， the topping plant height， leaf number， stem girth， blade width and blade length of Yuyan12 were greater than the other three varieties. The incidence of climate spot， red spot disease and mosaic disease of Yunyan 105 were comparatively fairly high， and the incidence rate of Yuyan12 of black shank and root knot nematode disease were higher， and the Yuyan10 comprehensive incidence was low. From the result of smoking， Yuyan6 had excellent comprehensive performance. Through fertility of the economic characters， Yuyan10 was better than the other three varieties， and Yunyan105 was a little worse. For the stability， the Yuyan6 was the best performance and Yuyan10 was a bit poor. The chemical composition harmony of Yuyan10 was better than Yuyan6， Yuyan12 and Yunyan105， and its comprehensive character was also relatively excellent. 　　Key words： tobacco varieties；adaptability；different area；Yuyan series 　　??叶质量风格是不同烤烟品种在特定生态条件、遗传因素和栽培技术下形成的，品种作为重要的遗传因素在烟叶质量风格形成中起着重要作用[1]。我国已选育出多个烤烟品种，2005 年国内自育品种占烤烟种植面积的65.19%[2]，但仍无法满足卷烟工业对原料多样性的需求[3-4]，这就要求我们对各个品种在不同地区进行产质性状的比较，烟叶产质量的形成主要受气候和品种以及土壤、施肥、大田管理、成熟采收、烘烤等因素的制约[5-8]。在相同的气候生态环境中，对烟叶品质起主导作用的是品种[9-11]。品种不同其特性也不同，对生态因素即气候和土壤的要求也存在较大的差异，只有将品种特性和当地自然条件结合起来，才能发挥良种的增产、增效潜力。 　　本研究选用的4个烤烟品