猪生产和猪群健康管理.pptVIP

Swine Production and Herd Health Management猪生产和猪群健康管理 Kurt Preugschas 张克特 My Background（我的背景） Grew up on a family run 800 sow nucleus herd with 3 hired employees 生长于一个拥有 800 头核心母猪群场并雇佣了三个员工的家庭 I was involved in management and the genetic selection program 负责猪场管理及猪群遗传选育计划 3 years in university taking Bachelor of Science in Agriculture 在农业大学学习三年并获得学士学位 2 years in Western College of Veterinary Medicine 在沙省西部兽医学院进修了 2 年 Alberta, Canada 加拿大, 阿尔伯达 Alberta versus Heilongjiang阿尔伯达与黑龙江对比 Alberta 阿尔伯达 650, 000 km2 650, 000平方公里 3.5 million people 350万人口 5 people/km2 每平方公里5个人 205, 000 sows 205, 000头母猪 3.2 million market hogs per year 年出栏320万头肥猪 Pig Breeds 种猪选育 Maternal 母本 Landrace X Yorkshire = F1 长白 X 约克夏 = F1代母猪 High fecundity and mothering ability 高繁殖力，母性好 Terminal sire 终端父本 Duroc, Pietrain, Hampshire 杜洛克，皮特兰，汉普夏 Duroc X Lacombe = Trailblazer 杜洛克 X 拉康姆猪 = 型杂交猪 Growth, carcass and meat quality 成长性，胴体及瘦肉品质 Advantages of Trailblazer for Terminal Sire新型杂交猪做为终端父本的优势 Excellent meat quality 优良的猪肉品质 Optimum heterosis 完美的杂交优势 Easy boar handling 公猪易于管理 Increased semen production 精液数量有所增加 Genetic Pyramid 遗传金字塔 Genetic Improvement 遗传改良 Use high performance genetics 应用高遗传力 Pigs that have the ability to perform if managed correctly Breeding program 育种计划 Mating pigs with the desired or complementary traits Rate of improvement depends on 改良进度： Selection intensity (fewer and better animals = more progress) Heritability of traits (higher = more progress) Generation interval (faster turnover of herd = more progress) Genetic Improvement 遗传改良 Performance testing 性状检测 – Estimated Breeding Value (EBV) program 评估预计育种值计划 Measure of the genetic value of an animal (its value as a parent) Excellent tool to select genetically superior animals for mating Compares all pigs in Canada Most important traits are growth rate, backfat, lean muscle, litter size Many factors influence performance of animals Environment – temperature, space, social rank Physical – appetite, condition, w