低压环境中植物的生长特性及适应机理研究进展-植物生态学报.PDF

植物生态学报 2011, 35 (8): 872–881 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00872 Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 低压环境中植物的生长特性及适应机理研究进展 1,2* 1** 2 1 1 唐永康 郭双生 林 杉 艾为党 秦利锋 1中国航天员科研训练中心, 人因工程国家重点实验室, 北京 100094; 2 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193 摘 要 在低压受控生态生命保障系统中, 植物是关键的生物部件。在低压环境中, 植物会面临与常压不同的总大气压力(总 压) 、O 分压和CO 分压等大气环境条件。虽然植物在一定的低压环境中能完成完整的生长周期(从种子到种子), 但为了适应 2 2 新的大气环境条件, 其生理生态特性均会发生改变。该文综述了低压对植物种子萌发、植株形态结构、生长特性、根系养分 吸收、植株营养品质、叶片气体交换和乙烯(C H )释放的影响, 以及低压环境诱导的植物基因表达和相应的调控机理等, 从 2 4 不同角度阐述了低压环境对植物生长的影响及植物对低压环境的适应机理, 并指出了将来需要进一步开展的试验研究方向。 关键词 适应机理, 生长特性, 低压, 植物 Review of advances on growth characteristics and adapting mechanism of plant at low atmospheric pressure 1,2* 1** 2 1 1 TANG Yong-Kang , GUO Shuang-Sheng , LIN Shan , AI Wei-Dang , and QIN Li-Feng 1National Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; and 2 College of Resource and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China Abstract Plants are a key biological component in the controlled ecological life support system at low atmospheric pres- sure. Both total pressure and partial pressure (of oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc.) are reduced at low atmospheric pressure. Plants can complete their life cycle (from seed to seed) at low pressure, but their course of development is different from that at normal pressure, in adapting to changed atmospheric conditions. We summarized the ef- fects of low