林火研究综述ⅴ.pdfVIP

17 5 V ol. 17No . 5 2004 10 W orld Forestr y Res earch Oct . 2004 ( ) ——航空护林 1 2 1 1 田晓瑞　张有慧　舒立福　王明玉 ( 1 , 100091; 2 , 252525) 概述了国外航空护林的发展历史和当前采用的主要航空灭火手段。灭火方式主要包括 降灭火、机降灭 火、洒水( 灭火剂) 灭火。还分别介绍了一些国家的航空护林情况, 包括采用的灭火飞机机型、管理模式及未来发 展趋势。与发达国家相比, 我国航空护林水平还不能满足森林防火的需要, 今后需要采用大型灭火飞机和运输 机, 促进扑火资源的合理配置和灭火效率的提高, 直升机将更多地用于空中指挥和火灾监测。 A Summary of the Development of Air Attack 1 2 1 1 T ian Xiaorui 　Zhang Youhui 　Shu Lifu 　W ang M ingyu ( 1 , , , Resear ch nstitute of F or est Ecolog y Env ir onment and P ro tectio n Chinese A cademy of Fo restr y Beijing 100091, China; 2 N ur sery of G uan Co unty , Shandoug , Guan County 252525, China) Abstract T his paper summ arized t he development co ur se of air att ack in t he w o rld and intro duces t he main f orm s of air att ack. T he m eans of air att ack includes smoker jumping , aircraf t landing and sprinkling wat er o r chemical s by air t ank. T his paper also described t he , - . aircraf t s manag ement used air t ack types in some w ell developed countr ies Compared w ith t hese countr ies, air att ack in China can not meet t he needs of fire prevent ion. Given t he air t ank and sky truck were adopted in f ire attack, w hich wo uld be make use of t he fire resources and increase t he f ire att ack eff iciency. n t he f uture, t he helicopt er and single- seat er aircraf t w ill be used mo re w idely for air direct ion and