北美裂缝性页岩气勘探开发的启示-石油勘探与开发.PDF

　　　　　　 392 2007 8 　　　　　　　　PET ROLEUM EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT 　　　　　　　Vol.34　No.4　 :1000-0747(2007)04-0392-09 李新景, 胡素云, 程克明 (中国石油勘探开发研究院) :中国石油科技攻关项目“非常规油气资源勘探开发及替代能源研究”(06-01C-02) :北美实践证明, 非常规油气资源——— 岩气是现实的接替能源, 勘探风险在于能否从低渗透的 岩储集层中获取经 济可采储量, 勘探目标是有机质和硅质含量高、裂缝发育的脆性优质烃源岩。 岩气生产机制复杂, 涉及吸附气与游离 气、天然裂缝与诱导裂缝系统之间的相互关系。在地质、地化、测井和地震综合评价基础上, 通过水力压裂等增产措施提 高储集层渗透能力是 岩气开采的关键。 中国广泛分布海相和湖相细粒碎屑岩, 有效烃源岩多富含炭质、灰质或硅质, 已 陆续发现裂缝性油气藏, 有条件寻找丰富的 岩气资源, 特别是液态烃在高成熟或过成熟阶段裂解产生的甲烷气滞留在 烃源岩内形成的连续分布式非常规 岩气资源。 图3 表5 参34 :页岩气;吸附气;裂 ;压裂;烃源岩储集层 :TE122　　　:A Suggestions from the development of fractured shale gas in North America LI Xin-jing, HU Su-yun, CHENG Ke-ming (R esearch I ns titute of P etroleum E xp loration D evelop m en t, P etroChina, B eij ing 100083, Ch ina ) Abstract:T e istory of exploration and production in Nort America s ows t at s ale gas is a realistic alternative energy. As an unconventional resource, its critical risk is w et er t e low permeability s ale produces gas economically.Source rocks could be good reservoirs for gas if t ey ad ric organic material and abundant silica w ic makes t e s ale more brittle.T e complex production mec anism involves t e relations ips betw een absorbed and free gases and betw een natural and induced f ractures.To en ance t e permeability by artificial ydraulic fracturing is a key step for s ale reservoirs on t e basis of t e evaluation of geology, geoc emistry, wire line and seismic data.Many fractured reservoirs in C ina ave been discovered in extensive fine-clastic source rocks f rom marine and lacustrine environments, wit carbonaceous/calcareous mudstone or siliceous s ale.T e undiscovered resources wit in effective s ale reservoirs would be significant, especially t e resources due to t e secondary t ermogenic cracking of oil t