基因 Chapter 25 Activating Transcription.pdf

Activating Transcription CHAPTER OUTLINE fBI Introduction fBI Some Promoter-Binding Proteins Are Repressors • Eukaryotic gene expression is usually controlled at the level • Repression is usually achieved by affecting chromatin struc- of initiation of transcription. ture, but there are repressors that act by binding to specific mJ There Are Several Types of Transcription Factors promoters. • The basal apparatus determines the startpoint for fBI Response Elements Are Recognized by Activators transcription. • Response elements may be located in promoters or • Activators determine the frequency of transcription. enhancers. • Activators work by making protein-protein contacts with • Each response element is recognized by a specific activator. the basal factors. • Apromoter may have many response elements, which in • Activators may work via coactivators. turn may activate transcription independently or in certain combinations. • Some components of the transcriptional apparatus work by changing chromatin structure. .. There Are Many Types of DNA-Binding