OM习题及答案汇总1-9章-全.doc

Chapter 1 Operations and Productivity DISCUSSION QUESTIONS Why should one study operations management? SOLUTION The text suggests four reasons to study OM. We want to understand (1) how people organize themselves for productive enterprise, (2) how goods and services are produced, (3) what operations managers do, and (4) this costly part of our economy and most enterprises. What are the three basic functions of a firm? SOLUTION The basic functions of a firm are marketing, accounting/ finance, and operations. An interesting class discussion: “Do all firms/organizations (private, government, not-for-profit) perform these three functions?” The authors’ hypothesis is yes, they do. Name the 10 decision areas of operations management. SOLUTION Design of Goods and Services. Managing Quality. Process Strategy. Location Strategies. Layout Strategies. Human Resources. Supply-Chain Management. Inventory Management. Scheduling. Maintenance. 13.Describe some of the actions taken by Taco Bell to increase productivity that have resulted in Taco Bell’s ability to serve “twice the volume with half the labor.” SOLUTION Taco Bell designed meals that were easy to prepare; with actual cooking and food preparation done elsewhere; automation to save preparation time; reduced floor space; manager training to increase span of control. PROBLEMS John Lucy makes wooden boxes in which to ship motorcycles. John and his three employees invest 40 hours per day making the 120 boxes. What is their productivity? John and his employees have discussed redesigning the process to improve the productivity. If they can increase the rate to 125 per day, what will be their new productivity? What will be their increase in productivity? SOLUTION = 3.0 boxes/hour = 3.125 boxes/hour Change in productivity = 0.125 boxes/hour Percentage change = = 4.166% 1.6 Eric Johnson makes billiard balls in his New England plant. With recent increases in his costs, he has a newfound intere