关于牛顿引力定律的协变性-国家科技图书文献中心.PDFVIP

关于牛顿引力定律的协变性 汤克云1, 2 1 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 2 清华大学天体物理中心 kytang@bao.ac.cn 摘 要 在提出狭义相对论之后，爱因斯坦指出牛顿引力定律有三大缺陷： 是一种超距作用理论，无法写成洛伦兹协变的形式，且不能解释水星 进动。2015.3，我已证明牛顿引力不是一种超距作用理论，而是隐含 着以光速传播的本质。在此基础上，本文进一步证明，只要考虑相对 匀速运动对牛顿引力的贡献，对牛顿引力定律作推迟修正，即可满足 洛伦兹协变。本文还指出，洛伦兹协变不是根本的协变关系；对有任 意相对速度和相对加速度的源观对，推迟引力场表达式的形式都相同， 这才是最广义的协变关系。最后，本文强调，协变只是平权的必要条 件，不是充分条件。对有任意相对速度和相对加速度的源观对，虽然 电磁场或引力场表达式的形式不变，但物理规律发生了变化，这才是 对电磁场和引力场本质的真实而自然之认识。 关键词 超距作用 洛伦兹协变 推迟引力 最广义协变 On Covariance of Newton’sLaw of Gravity Keyun Tang1, 2 1 Institute of Geology and Geophysics, CAS 2 Center for Astrophysics, Tsinghua University Abstract After publishing the special relativity, Einstein had pointed out that the Newton's law of gravity has three defects: it is a kind of theory acting at a distance, it can't match with Lorentz covariance, and it can’t explain the Mercury’sprecession. Since 2015.3, I have proved that Newton ’s gravitational theory is not a theory acting at a distance, and it implies the essence of travelling at the speed of light. On that basis, this paper make a further testify that as long as considering the contribution of a uniform motion to Newton's gravity to make a correction to Newton's law of gravitation, it will satisfy the Lorentz covariance. This paper also points out that Lorentz covariance is not the ultimate covariant relationship; to arbitrary relative pair of source and observer with any relative velocity and acceleration, the form of retarded gravitational field are the same, then this is the most general covariant relationship. Finally, this paper stresses that the covariance only the necessary condition of equality, it is not a sufficient condition for that. To arbitrary relative pair of source and observe