乙烯生成车间工艺设计.docVIP

摘 要 本设计的目的是，设计由生物乙醇在固定床反应器上催化脱水制乙烯的车间生产工艺。设计中，简述了由生物乙醇催化脱水制乙烯的基本流程，通过选定合适的车间生产工艺参数、反应条件，按照一定的产品质量标准以及生产技术指标对反应过程所涉及到的各种物质进行物料和能量的衡算，并在此基础上对生产中所涉及的各种生产设备的参数进行计算和设备选型。本设计的反应流程为，以废糖蜜发酵所得的生物乙醇为原料，首先通过气化设备使其汽化，然后通过预热器预热到150℃，之后便以300h-1的液时空速进入固定床反应器中进行脱水反应，从固定床反应器中出来后的混合气体，利用其沸点的不同，通过冷凝设备进行冷凝分离即得到成品的乙烯产品。反应过程当中所使用的催化剂为通过3%金属镧改性的HZSM-5催化剂，反应温度为260℃，转化率为97.2%，生成乙烯的选择性为99.8%。 关键字：乙醇，乙烯，固定床反应器，HZSM-5催化剂，车间设计 Abstract The purpose of this design is to devise a workshop technical art to make ethylene by dehydration with bio-ethanol on the fixed-bed-reactor . In the design ,describe the basic technological processes of the catalytic dehydration by bio-ethanol . carry out materials and energy accounting with all the substances on the reaction process involved According to a certain quality standards and production of technical specifications .caculate devices parameters and select devices with various production equipment involved in the production. the reaction process of the design is like this : Use the bio-ethanol from ferment molasses as raw material , let it through the gasification equipment to vaporize first , then preheat to 150 ℃ by the Preheater ,after this the gas mixture enter the fixed-bed reactor with the space velocity at 300 h-1 , after the reaction gas come out from the fixed-bed reactor ,it will be separated by Condensation in the refrigeration equipment as all the gas have a different boiling point, after the gaseous ethylene come out it will enter the tank to be stored .The catalyst used in the reaction process is HZSM-5 modified by lanthanum whose concentration is 3% . The reaction temperature at 260 ℃ ，its conversion is 97.2% ，ethylene selectivity in this reaction process gets 99.8%. Key words: Ethanol ， ethylene， fixed-bed reactor ，HZSM-5 catalyst ， plant design 目 录 摘要 1 Abstract 1 目 录 2 1 绪论 6 1.1 概述 6 1.1.1 常用的催化剂 7 1.1.1.1 活性氧化铝催化剂 7 1.1.1.2 分子筛催化剂 7 1.1.2 常用的反应器 8 1.1.2.1 固定床反应器及其优缺点 8 1.1.2.2 流化床反应器的优缺点 9 1.2 设计任务和内容 10 1.3 生产工艺车间布置设计的原则与在总体中的重要