(计算机专业英语)unit 1_Computer History 2.ppt

Unit One  Computer History (2) contents 1. Review Vocabulary Test 2. Leading-in 3. Brighten Your Eyes—Words Passage 4. Exercises 5. Talk Table 6. Homework 1. Review Vocabulary Test QA a.What is the logo of Apple Inc.? b.What’s Turing’s role in the development of computer? What else did he do? c.Give a brief introduction of the Enigma. 2. Leading-in a. Who do you think invented computer? b. What did these people contribute to the development of computer? John Von Neumann Alan Turing J. Mauchiy and P. Eckert John V. Atanasoff 3. Brighten Your Eyes—Words Passage Development of Computers Nothing epitomizes modern life better than the computer. For better or worse, computers have infiltrated every aspect of our society. Today computers do much more than simply compute. To fully understand and appreciate the impact computers have on our lives and promises they hold for the future, it is important to understand their evolution. 1. First-generation Computers (1946-1959) First-generation computers were characterized by the fact that operating instructions were made-to-order for the specific task for which the computer was to be used. Each computer had a different binary-coded program called a machine language that told it how to operate. 2. Second-generation Computers (1959-1964) It was the stored program and programming language that gave computers the flexibility to finally be cost effective and productive for business use. New types of careers (programmer, analysts and computer systems expert) and the entire software industry began with second generation computers. 3. Third-generation Computers (1964-1971) Computers became ever smaller as more components were squeezed onto the integrated circuit (IC) chip. Another third-generation development included the use of an operating system that allowed machines to run many different programs at once with a central program. 4. Fourth- generation Computers (1971-Present)