环状RNA的特性生物合成和主要功能-中国细胞生物学学报.PDFVIP

中国细胞生物学学报 Chinese Journal of Cell Biology 2016, 38(3): 335–340 DOI: 10.11844/cj cb.2016.03.0353 环状RNA 的特性、生物合成和主要功能 1 1,2 3* 郭健民 陈 熙 邹 军 1 2 ( 上海体育学院运动科学学院, 上海200438; 温州医科大学体育科学学院, 温州325035; 3上海体育学院发展规划处, 上海200438) 摘要 环状RNA(circular RNAs, circRNAs)是非编码RNA 的一种, 与线性RNA不同, 其主要 ′ ′ 特征为通过反式剪接使3 端与5 端以共价键相连接, 形成一个闭环结构。CircRNAs主要来源于外 显子或内含子, 分别通过反式剪接和套索内含子产生。CircRNAs广泛存在于生物体内, 它们种 类丰富、进化保守并且可以稳定存在。这些特点使circRNAs具有许多潜在的功能, 例如充当微 RNA(microRNA, miRNA)海绵、与RNA结合蛋白相结合形成RNA蛋白复合物、调控基因转录等。 该文综述了国内外相关最新报道, 旨在阐述circRNAs的特性、生物合成及其主要功能。 关键词 环状RNA; 特性; 生物合成; 功能 The Feature, Biosynthesis and Main Function of Circular RNAs 1 1,2 3* Guo Jianmin , Chen Xi , Zou Jun 1 2 ( School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sports, Shanghai 200438, China; School of Sports Science, Wenzhou Medical 3 University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Development and Planning Office, Shanghai University of Sports, Shanghai 200438, China) Abstract The circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non coding RNA which are different from the liner RNA, characterized by the presence of a covalent bond linking the 3′ and 5′ ends generated by backsplicing. The circRNAs mainly arise from exons or introns, and differentially generated by backsplicing or lariat introns. CircRNAs are widely existed in all kinds of organisms, and they are a