《英语语法》课件.ppt

A brief introduction of the subject—Grammar（《英语语法》课程简介） What is grammar? The importance of grammar Its importance in English subject Its importance in majors’ study Some interesting examples in grammar Means of learning grammar Grammatical Hierarchy（语法层次） The grammar of the English language is organized into five ranks:the sentence, the clause, the phrase, the word and the morpheme. Each rank is composed of one or more than one grammatical unit of the immediate lower rank. The sentence is the highest rank of grammatical unit while the morpheme is the minimum or the lowest rank. 一些新闻常见的不完全句 （Premier Wen says ）diplomatic snub against China in Copenhagen still a mystery U.S. responsible for disruptions in relations: Chinese premier China to increase imports, promote balanced trade: Premier Wen HK to see gradual progress in promoting democracy: Premier Chapter one Sentence Structure（句子结构） Basic Structures: S—Subject V—Verb C—Complement O—Object (Direct Object Indirect Object) A—Adverbial 宾语补语主语补语 I saw him go out（宾补）. He was seen go out （主补）(by me). You are a student （主补）. 宾补的各种情况举例 We made him our monitor. We tried to make him happy. I left him downstairs. When he came to, he found himself in the hospital. I asked him to help me. I saw him walking out. We found him disappointed. Five basic sentence structures:五种基本句子结构 SVC She is in good health. (linking verbs: be, feel, look, prove, remain, resemble, sound, stay, become, grow, turn, smell, taste) SV Everybody laughed. (Intransitive verbs) SVO I love you. (transitive verbs) SVoO SVOC I give him a book. SVOC We made him our monitor. SVA I live in Beijing. SVOA I put the book on the desk. 宾语的补语和宾语之间具有逻辑上的主谓关系。 有些动词既可以做及物动词又可以做不及物动词： He is reading . He has read the novel. 2 consider sb/sth (as) sth To think of sb/sth in a particular way [VN-N] This award is considered (to be) a great honour. [VN-ADJ] Who do you consider (to be) responsible for