四川猕猴桃溃疡病发生和病原探究.docVIP

四川猕猴桃溃疡病发生和病原探究 　　摘要：实地调查四川5市（县）猕猴桃（Actinidia chinensis）发病情况，从发病果园采集染病枝条并分离病原菌，进行致病性测定，以细菌常规鉴定及基于16S rDNA序列的分子生物学鉴定等确定病原菌。病害调查显示染病猕猴桃枝干上形成渗出白色或红褐色黏液的溃疡；叶片上常形成带黄晕的不规则暗褐色病斑，且名山和苍溪两地的发病情况比起其他三地更为严重。从病枝中分离到5株优势菌株，经鉴定为丁香假单胞杆菌猕猴桃致病变种（Pseudmonas syringae pv. actinidiae）。病害调查中观察到的症状与细菌性溃疡病症状相似，分离得到的病原菌与国内其他地区的报道一致。 关键词：猕猴桃；溃疡病；丁香假单胞杆菌猕猴桃致病变种；病原菌；四川 中图分类号：S436.634 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2013）20-4937-05 Occurrence and Pathogen Identification of Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker in Sichuan LIU Yao1，ZHU Tian-hui1，FAN Fang-bing1，SHAO Bao-lin1，2 （1. College of Forestry， Sichuan Agricultural University， Yaan 625014， Sichuna，China； 2. Sichuan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau， Chengdu 610041， China） Abstract： By investigating the occurrence of kiwifruit bacterial canker in five cities and counties in Sichuan province， pathogenic bacteria was isolated from infected trunks of kiwifruits collected from kiwifruit orchard and identified with the pathogenicity test， bacteriological study and molecular identification based on the 16S rDNA sequences. Disease survey showed that the irregular dark brown spots surrounded with yellow halos were often formed on the infected kiwifruit leaves cankers with white or reddish-brown exudates were shaped on the infected trunks， leaders and twigs. The occurrence of disease in Cangxi and Mingshan was more serious than those in the other three places. Furthermore， five isolates of the pathogenic bacteria were obtained and identified as Pseudmonas syringae pv. actinidiae. The symptoms observed in the investigation were similar to the symptoms of bacterial canker and the isolates were also consistent with previous reports in other regions of China. Key words： Kiwifruit； bacterial canker disease； Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae； pathogen； Sichuan 猕猴桃溃疡病是一种具有毁灭性的细菌性病害，于20世纪80年代早期在日本和美国被发现并作了较为详细的报道[1，2]。随后，此病相继在韩国、伊朗、意大利等国出现[3-5]。在中国，该病最早发现于湖南[6]，之后便迅速蔓延至四川、安徽、福建等省[7-9]。该病害主要危害猕猴桃（Actinidia chinensis）的新梢、侧枝、主干及叶片，造成枝蔓枯死，严重时甚至