汽车手动变速箱外文附其部分翻译.docVIP

MANUAL GEARBOXES 9.1 MANUAL GEARBOX CLASSIFICATION Gearboxes are normally classi?ed according to the number of toothed wheel couples (stages) involved in the transmission of motion at a given speed; in the case of manual vehicle transmissions, the number to be taken into account is that of the forward speeds only, without consideration of the ?nal gear, even if included in the gearbox. Therefore there are: ? Single stage gearboxes ? Dual stage or countershaft gearboxes ? Multi stage gearboxes Figure 9.1 shows the three con?gurations for a four speed gearbox. It is useful to comment on the generally adopted rules of these schemes. Each wheel is represented by a segment whose length is proportional to the pitch diameter of the gear; the segment is ended by horizontal strokes, representing the tooth width. If the segment is interrupted where crossing the shaft, the gear wheel is idle; the opposite occurs if the segment crosses the line of the shaft without interruption. Then the wheel rotates with the shaft. Hubs are represented according to the same rules, while sleeves are represented with a pair of horizontal strokes. Arrows show the input and output shafts. Single stage gearboxes are primarily applied to front wheel driven vehicles, because in these it is useful that the input and the output shaft are o?set; in G. Genta and L. Morello, The Automotive Chassis, Volume 1: Components Design, 425 Mechanical Engineering Series, c  Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009426 9. MANUAL GEARBOXES FIGURE 9.1. Schemes for a four speed gearbox shown in three di?erent con?gurations: a: single stage, b: double stage and c: triple stage. conventional vehicles, on the other hand, it is better that input and output shafts are aligned. This is why rear wheel driven vehicles usually adopt a double stage gearbox. The multi-stage con?guration is sometime adopted on front wheel driven vehicles with transversal engine, because the transversal length of the gearbox can be shortened; it