英语：虚拟语气语法总结.doc

虚拟语气语法总结 1. 虚拟条件句谓语动词的构成形式 条件从句的谓语动词 主句的谓语动词 与现在事实相反 动词过去式 （be一般用were） 与过去事实相反 had +过去分词 与将来事实可能相反 动词过去式 should+动词原形 were to+动词原形 倒装结构 1） Had you (=If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party. 2） Were I (=If I were) you, I would do more practice after class. 3） Should it rain tomorrow, I wouldn’t go. 2．虚拟条件句的特殊用法 A. 混合虚拟条件句 条件从句的动作和主句的动作不是同时发生. If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now. （从句述说过去，主句述说现在。） If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film last night. （从句述说现在，主句述说过去。） If I had had more self-confidence, I would become a teacher. （从句述说过去，主句述说现在。） If the rescue team hadn’t found him, he would be dead. （从句述说过去，主句述说现在。） If she didn’t love driving, she wouldn’t have become a driver. （从句述说现在，主句述说已发生。） B. 含蓄虚拟条件句 虚拟条件通过下述词语引出的短语： 介词with, without, but for, if it had not been / if it were not for…etc 分词supposing动词suppose 并列连词or, otherwise, but, though, etc 例如： 1）I couldn’t have won the competition without your encouragement. 2）With your assistance (=If we had your assistance), we might finish the plan earlier 3）But for you advice, I would not be able to do this work. 4) Victor obviously doesn’t know what’s happened, otherwise he wouldn’t have made such a stupid remark. C. 虚拟条件句中的表示结果的主句有时形式上可以省略，但意义上仍然存在。这种句子只保留一个if (only)条件从句，表达说话人的强烈愿望。如： 1） If (only) she were my sister! 她要是我姐姐（就好了）！ 2） If only he had not left! 如果他没走（该多好啊）！ （二）虚拟语气的几个句型 It is… that sb. (should)… 句型一：It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ that … 句型二：It is a ＋ 抽象名词 ＋ that … 句型三：It is ＋ 过去分词 ＋ that … A. 常这样用的形容词有： appropriate 适当的 advisable 适当的，合理的 better 较好的 desirable 理想的 essential 基本的，实质的 imperative 迫切的 important 重要的 insistent 坚持的 necessary 必要的 natural 自然的 strange 奇怪的 unusual 不寻常的 urgent 紧迫的 vital 极其重要的 B. 常这样用的抽象名词有：pity, shame, no wonder C. 常这样用的过去分词有：suggested, requested, required, proposed, desired, ordered, recommended 1) It was natural that she (shoul