现代数控机床原理与结构双语课件作者郁元正第7EDMma章节ines.ppt

Tool electrodes Sinker EDM processing Stages of EDM process Machining speed Each spark produces a temperature between 8,000 and 12,000°C; Machining speeds of EDM depends on spark energy. Material removal rates range from 1 to several thousand mm3 per minute. Energetic sparks result in fast machining but rough surface finish. 7.1.2 Features of EDM1. Advantages (1) Tool material hardness is unimportant since ultra-high temperature of electrical arc is able to melt or vaporize any material. Therefore, EDM is suitable for machining any conductive material regardless of hardness, brittleness, toughness （韧度）and melting point. (2) No cutting force during machining since no mechanical contact between electrode and workpiece, therefore, it is suitable for machining those workpiece that has special structure, e.g. thin-wall, narrow slot, non-round holes etc. (3) Rough and finish machining can be continually performed by adjusting pulse width. Easy automation of control and machining due to direct machining by electric energy. Reduced risk of hazardous dust particles from material since particles are flushed away to the filter. Development of a product by EDM Task: Making plastic spoons on a mass production 2. Shortages of EDM Electrode must be made first. It is undesired since electrode making is expensive and time consuming. Machining area are unfavorably hardened. Though machining area is small, hardened layer due to fast cooling after heating of ultra high temperature may crack. Discharge clearance produces error. The clearance must exist for electrical arc generation, however, it affects machining accuracy. Machining accuracy depends on electrode erosion. Eroded electrode needs repair or replacement. Though EDM has many disadvantages, it is more suitable for metal cutting compared to conventional machine tools (1) Column and bed As the basic components, they have the requirements: Enough Rigidity; Perpendicularity between bed, worktable and column; (2) Worktab