我国主要类型农业地区农田生态系统多样性的研究-应用生态学报.pdfVIP

应 用 生 态 学 报　199 年 2 月　第 8卷　第 1期　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 CHINESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, Feb. 199 , 8( 1) ∶3 ～42 * * * * * * 许健民 　闻大中 　罗良国　罗启仕 ( 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110015) 通过对我国5 个典型农业类型区农田生态系统多样性 状的调查, 建立了农田 生态系统多样性数据库, 在分析了各典型调查地区的土地利用、作物接续、作物搭配、系统 类型单元等多样性特征的基础上, 计算出各农田生态系统多样性指标. 结果表明, 我国主 要类型农业地区的最大丰富度相差不大且普遍偏低;各地区间平均丰富度( Ta) 差异明显, 且总体上丘陵地区高于平原, 平原地区自南向北递减; 各地区间的均匀度( E) 和优势度 ( D) 无明显差异, 丘陵地区的E 相对高于平原地区, 而D 与E 相反. 据此提出了建设多样 化的农田生态系统结构、改进当前农田生态系统多样性的建议. 农业生物多样性　农业生态系统　农田生态系统多样性 Farm ecosystem diver sity in typical agricultural regions of China. Xu Jianming, Wen Dazhong, Luo Liangguo and Luo Qishi( I nst itut e of App lied E cology , A ca demia S in ica , 110015) . - . . . . , 199 , 8( 1) : 3 ～42. Sh eny a ng Ch in J App l E col Through detailed investigat ion of farm ecosystem diver sity in five typical agricult ural re- gions of China, the database of farmecosystem diver sity is established. After analysing the charact erist ics of land use, crop sequence, crop arrangement and dist ribution of sys- ′ , ′ tem s units in these regions the index of each region s farmecosystem diversity is calcu- . lated The results show that the maximum richness of t hese farmecosystems is quite low and their difference is not significant ; the difference among the average richness (T a) of each region is obvious, and in general, t he T a is higher in hilly areas t han in plain areas, . but t hat in plain areas has a trend to decline from south to nort h Little difference of enen- ( ) ( ) , ness