中国家具木工工艺发展简史研究（下） research of the brief history of chinese furniture woodworking.pdfVIP

2013/10 家具与室内装饰 F+ID 中国家具木工工艺发展简史研究（下） Research of the Brief History of Chinese Furniture Woodworking ■胡景初 Hu Jingchu (中南林业科技大学家具与艺术设计学院，湖南长沙 410004) 摘 要：本文通过对中国家具木工工艺发展的推进来叙述了：从新石器时期采用简单原始的石斧、石刀 等工具对木材进行伐砍、裂解、表面加工及对构件的榫卯加工等基础的木材加工工艺，到古代木工工艺 在铁器冶炼技术基础之上，由此产生手工框锯的发明与完善带来了木材剖解工艺的进展，由手推刨发 明所带来木材表面加工工艺的进展，由刀凿、钻的发明带来榫卯接合工艺与雕刻工艺的进展，至近代时 期，木材加工进入了半手工半机械的阶段，带动了木材专业的分工和家具厂的出现，胶合板的制造及其 在家具产品中的应用极大促进了我国木材工业和家具制造业的发展，在进入现代化阶段后，以专用家具 木工机械取代通用木工机械，以生产线的形式组织生产，以数控机床带动家具木工工艺的信息化，以柔 性化生产开始了大规模定制等。综上所述，文章总结出各个时期中家具木工工艺的不同特点，同时也阐 述了中国木工工艺发展的主线和内涵。 关键词：家具；木工；工艺；木材 中图分类号：TS664 文献标识码：A 文章编号:1006-8260(2013)10-0009-05 Abstract: This article describes the study by the brief history of furniture woodworking. From use simple primitive axes and knives to cut, split and surface processing the wood in the Neolithic period to ancient woodworking base on smelting technology. It brings a development of wood anatomy process and a development of wood surface processing technology by hand plane invention and a development of mortise and tenon joint by knife chisel invent. Wood processing has into a stage of semi-manual semi- mechanical in modern period and has guides the division of the wood and the emergence of furniture factory. The Manufacture of plywood and the Application of the product in the furniture greatly promoted the development of timber industry and the furniture manufacturing in our country. After entering the modern stage, using special furniture woodworking machinery to replace the general woodworking machinery, production line in the form of organization of production, bring furniture woodworking information technology by CNC machine tools, flexible production began to mass customization, etc. In summary, the article summed up the various periods of the different characteristics of furniture woodworking. In the meantime expounds the mainline and connota