钾素对玉米茎髓和幼根超微结构的影响及其与茎腐病抗-中国农业科学.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2010,43(4):729-736 Scientia Agricultura Sinica doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2010.04.009 钾素对玉米茎髓和幼根超微结构的影响 及其与茎腐病抗性的关系 李文娟，何 萍，金继运 （中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业部作物营养与施肥重点开放实验室，北京 100081 ） 摘要：【目的】从细胞水平探讨钾素营养提高玉米茎腐病抗性的机制。【方法】采用扫描电镜和透射电镜分别 观察施钾后玉米茎髓组织和接菌后施钾与不施钾幼根根尖细胞超微结构的变化。【结果】缺钾处理的玉米茎髓薄壁 细胞，结构不规则，长边较长。而不缺钾处理茎髓细胞结构规则，呈长方形，整齐排列。缺钾导致维管束间的薄 壁细胞破裂，致使茎髓中维管束间失去连接细胞，支撑能力变差。另外，施钾有利于寄主幼根表皮细胞排列紧密 而整齐，细胞壁增厚，有效阻碍病原菌的入侵。而且施钾处理细胞中拥有丰富的高尔基体，可以产生大量分泌物 将菌丝降解。钾素还有利于菌丝入侵部位乳突的形成及高电子致密物的积累，以阻止菌丝的扩展。【结论】钾素能 通过稳定细胞结构，防止细胞间隙的扩大，加固细胞壁，来降低病原菌侵入的机率；通过形成位于胞间及胞内的 闭塞物来限制病原物在寄主细胞的进一步发展。 关键词：钾（K）；玉米茎腐病；超微结构；抗病性 Effect of Potassium on Ultrastructure of Maize Stalk Pith and Young Root and Their Relation to Resistance to Stalk Rot LI Wen-juan, HE Ping, JIN Ji-yun (Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Nutrient Cycling, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081) Abstract: 【Objective 】 The objective of the experiment is to study the mechanism of potassium application on improvement of maize resistance to stalk rot at cell level. 【Method 】 Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were used to observe the effect of K on the ultrastructure of maize stalk pith tissue and young root tip cell influenced by K and pathogen. 【Result 】 In K deficient treatment, parenchyma cells of stalk pith had abnormity structure and the cell wall between upper and lower adjacent cell was broken, resulting in the loss of connections between vascular cells and bad supporting capacity. In addition, improved K nutr