In2O3纳米粉体的不同制备方法及其气敏性能的研究.docVIP

In2O3纳米粉体的不同制备方法及其气敏性能的研究 摘 要 以In(NO3)3·4.5H2O 为原料，采用室温固相合成法、溶剂热法、微乳液法、溶胶凝胶法、化学共沉淀法、均匀沉淀法等六种不同方法制备In2O3纳米粉体，并对其气敏机理进行简要分析。通过X-射线衍射分析（XRD）手段对粉体物相进行表征，计算粉体粒径，结果表明以上六种方法得到的In2O3粉体粒径分别为9.89nm、23.07nm、22.69nm、14.74nm、9.30nm、22.38nm。采用静态配气法测定材料的气敏性能发现所得粉体均对Cl2 具有良好的气敏性能。以均匀沉淀法制备的In2O3为基体的气敏元件性能最佳，在110℃的工作温度下对100ppm Cl2气体的灵敏度高达1175，并且具有良好的选择性，响应－恢复时间短等特性。最后对In2O3纳米材料进行展望。 关键词 In2O3；纳米粉体；制备；气敏性能 Gas-sensing properties of nanostructured In2O3 powder–based sensor synthesized with different methods Abstract..This paper introduces several methods of the preparation of In2O3 nano-powder with In (NO3) 3 ? 4.5H2O as raw materials, including solid-phase synthesis at room temperature, solvothermal method, microemulsion method, sol-gel method, chemical co-precipitation method, homogeneous-precipitation method; and a brief analysis of gas-sensing mechanism was done. Its phase was analyzed by XRD. The calculation shows that particle size of In2O3 nano-powder prepared by the six methods were 9.89nm, 23.07nm, 22.69nm, 14.74nm, 9.30nm, 22.38nm. The gas-sensing properties of the materials were tested in static state. The results show that the In2O3 nano-powder has high sensitivity to Cl2. In2O3 nano-powder prepared by homogeneous-precipitation method has a high sensitivity as high as 1175 to 100ppm Cl2 at lower working temperature 110℃. The sensor based on In2O3 also has satisfactory selectivity, quickly response and short recover time. Finally, the prospect of In2O3 nano-materials was foreseen. Keywords..In2O3; nano-powder; preparation; gas-sensing properties 目 录 摘 要： I Abstract II 前 言 1 1实验部分 2 1.1试剂与仪器 2 1.2 实验方法 2 1.2.1室温固相合成法 2 1.2.2 溶剂热法 2 1.2.3 微乳液法 3 1.2.4 溶胶凝胶法 3 1.2.5化学共沉淀法 3 1.2.6 均匀沉淀法 3 2 气敏元件的制备，老化及测试 3 2.1 气敏元件的制备及老化 3 2.2 气敏元件的测试 4 3. 结果与讨论 5 3.1 样品的XRD测试 5 3.2 气敏性能的测定 6 3.2.1制备方法对元件灵敏度的影响 6 3.2.2 加热温度对元件灵敏度的影响 7 3.2.3 气体浓度对元件的灵敏度的影响 7 3.2.4 元件的选择性 8 3.3 气敏元件的响应—恢复特性 9 4 气敏机理探讨 9 5.结论与展望 11 参考文献 13 致 谢 15  前 言 随着科技的发展，工业生产中使用的气体原料及在生产过程中产生的气体数量和种类越来越多，Cl2 、H2S、NO2