第六章 经济学基础第六章练习答案.doc

经济学基础第六章练习答案 问题与应用 a. 2. a. The law requiring people to eat one apple a day increases the demand for apples. As shown in Figure 6-1a, demand shifts from D1 to D2, increasing the price from P1 to P2, and increasing quantity from Q1 to Q2. Figure 6-1a b. Since the price of apples increases, the value of marginal product increases for any given quantity of labor. Theres no change in the marginal product of labor for any given quantity of labor. However, since output increases as firms hire more labor, the marginal product of labor decreases. c. As Figure 6-2a shows, the increase in the value of marginal product of labor shifts the demand curve of labor from D1 to D2. The equilibrium quantity of labor rises from L1 to L2, and the wage rises from w1 to w2. Figure 6-2a 3. a. If Congress were to buy personal computers for all American college students, the demand for computers would increase, raising the price of computers and thus increasing the value of marginal product of workers who produce computers. This is shown in Figure 6-3a as a shift in the demand curve for labor from D1 to D2. The result is an increase in the wage from w1 to w2 and an increase in the quantity of labor from L1 to L2. Figure 6-3a b. If more college students major in engineering and computer science, the supply of labor in the computer industry rises. This is shown in Figure 6-4a as a shift in the supply curve from S1 to S2. The result is a decrease in the wage from w1 to w2 and an increase in the quantity of labor from L1 to L2. Figure 6-4a If computer firms build new manufacturing plants, this increases the marginal product of labor and the value of the marginal product of labor for any given quantity of labor. This is shown in Figure 6-5a as a shift in the demand curve for labor from D1 to D2. The result is an increase in the wage from w1 to w2 and an increase in the quantity of labor from L1 to L2. Figure 6-5a 4. Since your uncle is maximizing his profit, he must be hiring workers su