柿属8种植物花粉形态观察.pdfVIP

园艺学报，2016 ，43 (6) ：1167 –1174. Acta Horticulturae Sinica doi ：10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0741；http ：//www. ahs. ac. cn 1167 柿属 8 种植物花粉形态观察 * 张永芳，胡超琼，杨 勇 ，朱仁胜，郭 静，王仁梓 （西北农林科技大学园艺学院，陕西杨凌 712100 ） 摘 要：利用扫描电镜对中国国家柿种质资源圃收集的 7 份已知种和 1 份分类学未知柿资源（德阳 柿）的花粉进行了观察和分析，结果表明：（1）其花粉均具三孔沟，近球形，极面观圆形，花粉大 小为（24.7 ~ 52.8 ）µm × （23.8 ~ 47.9 ）µm，萌发沟内有疏密程度不同的拳头状和丝状物，表面穿孔明显 或不明显，外壁纹饰均为谷穗状条纹，但各个种间条纹宽度和萌发沟长度存在显著差异。（2 ）聚类分析 结果，君迁子、浙江柿和油柿为第Ⅰ类群，西村早生、美洲柿和华中雄株为第Ⅱ类群，德阳柿单独为第 Ⅲ类群；各个种花粉粒的大小与其倍性正相关。（3 ）德阳柿花粉形态明显区别于其他材料，本试验的结 果为进一步确定德阳柿分类学地位提供了孢粉学依据。 关键词：柿；花粉形态；分类学；扫描电镜 中图分类号：S 655.2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0513-353X （2016 ）06-1167-08 Pollen Morphology Observation of Eight Resources in Diospyros * ZHANG Yong-fang ，HU Chao-qiong ，YANG Yong ，ZHU Ren-sheng ，GUO Jing，and WANG Ren-zi （College of Horticulture，Northwest A F University ，Yangling，Shaanxi 712100，China） Abstract ：Pollen grains of 8 persimmon species composed of 7 known species and 1 unknown resource were collected from National Field GenBank of China. Pollen grains were examined using scanning electron microscopy，to study pollen morphology and taxonomic status. The results showed that ： （1）Pollen morphology observation revealed the grains pretreated in Diospyros have three germinal furrow and the shape of grains are nearly spherical. The grain is round in polar view. Pollen size was measured by length of polar axis and equatorial axis. The value of pollen size was between 24.7 µm and 52.8 µm in polar axis and between 23.8 µm and 47.9 µm in equatorial axis. In germinal furrow，there are many granular spiral units. Exine of pollen are striped ornamentation like grain. The width of stripe