医学英语 心脏.pptVIP

What is the circulatory system? What does the CV system do? Internal and external anatomy Cardiac cycle Heart sounds Conductive system of the heart Blood vessels Diseases of the CVS The Heart and blood vessels together make up the cardiovascular System. Circulate blood throughout entire body for Transport of oxygen to cells Transport of CO2 away from cells Transport of nutrients (glucose) to cells Movement of immune system components (cells, antibodies) Transport of endocrine gland secretions The Heart: location in thorax The Heart: location in thorax Oblique Position Apex = Left of Midline (5th ICS), Anterior to rest of heart Base (posterior surface) sits on vertebral column Superior Right = 3rd Costal Cartilage, 1” right midsternum Superior Left = 2nd Costal Cartilage, 1” left midsternum Inferior Right = 6th Costal Cartilage, 1” right midsternum Inferior Left = 5th Intercostal Space at Midclavicular line Page 44 External Heart Anatomy The Heart: Chambers Circulation Coronary circulation – the circulation of blood within the heart. Pulmonary circulation – the flow of blood between the heart and lungs. Systemic circulation – the flow of blood between the heart and the cells of the body. The Heart: Valves Bicuspid (mitral) Tricuspid (AV) Pulmonary Aortic (SL) Filling of Heart Chambers – the Cardiac Cycle The Heart: Cardiac Output Conductive System Electrocardiogram An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a recording of the electrical changes that occur in the myocardium during a cardiac cycle. The P wave occurs just prior to atrial contraction; the QRS complex occurs just prior to ventricular contraction; and the T wave occurs when the ventricles are recovering from contraction. The Vascular System Blood Vessels: Anatomy Conductive System Tunica externa Outermost layer elastin and collagen Strengthens, Anchors Tunica media Middle layer Circular Smooth Muscle Vaso-constriction/dilation Tunica intima Innermost layer Endothelium Minimize friction Lume