医学专业英语汇报PPT,骨骼系统.pptVIP

Bob Zheng Wuhan University Bone replacement is the replacement of old bone tissue by new bone tissue Never metabolically at rest Replacing itself throughout adult life Remodeling allows worn or injured bone to be removed and replaced with new tissue Remodeling allows bone to serve as the body’s storage area for calcium Constant supply of Ca2+ in the blood stream needed for: Transmission of nerve impulses Muscle contraction Blood coagulation Cell division Osteoclast and osteoblast Sufficient quantities of calcium(Ca) and phosphorus(P) Sufficient amounts of vitamins, particularly vitamin D Proper amounts of the hormones Growth hormone(GH), Calcitonin(CT), Parathormone(PTH), Sex hormones Secreted by the pituitary gland , responsible for general growth of bones Too much Gigantism Too little Dwarfism CT is produced by the thyroid gland, inhibits osteoclastic activity PTH is secreted by the parathyroid glands, increases the number and activity of osteoclasts Antagonistic CT PTH Control of Bone Deposition Control of Bone Resorption [Ca2+] controlled by negative feedback loop Promote the growth of new bone Bring about the degeneration of cartilage cells Aging for skeletal syetem happens when Osteoblast activity declines, while osteoclast activity remains level Loss of calcium from bones For female, this loss begins after age 40 but for male , this loss typically does not begin until after 60