【精选】克隆植物的无性与有性繁殖对策.pdf

2006, 30 ( 1) 174~ 183 J ournal of Pla nt Ecology ( ormerly Acta Phytoecologica Sinica ) 张玉芬 张大勇* ( , , 100875) , , , , , , , , , : , : , ; , , , , ? ASEXUAL AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGIES IN CLONAL PLANTS * ZHANG Yu_Fen and ZHANG Da_Yong ( Ministry of Education Key L aboratoryf or Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Ecology , Beij ing Normal University , Beij ing 100875, C ina) Abstract Most lants can re roduce both sexually and vegetatively, and the balance between the two re ro- ductive modes may vary widely between and within s ecies. Extensive clonal growth may affect the evolution of life history traits in many ways. First, in some clonal s ecies, sexual re roduction and recruitment are very low and dro to nil in extreme cases. Variation in sexual re roduction may strongly influence the ada tation to local environments and the evolution of the geogra hic range. Second, clonal growth can increase floral dis lay, and thus ollinator attraction, while it may im ose serious constraints and evolutionary challenges on lants through geitonogamy that may strongly influence ollen dis ersal. Geitonogamous ollination can bring a fitness cost for the female and male function in both self_com atible and self_incom atible s ecies. Some co_evolutionary inter- actions, therefore, may exist between the s atial structure and the mating behavior of clonal lants. Finally, a trade_off may exist between sexual re roduction and