基于时变可靠度和疲劳效应的石油井架钢结构剩余寿命分析.docVIP

基于时变可靠度和疲劳效应的石油 井架钢结构剩余寿命分析 摘 要 石油井架钢结构作为油气生产的重要设备之一，起着安放钻井附属设备及起下钻、下套管等诸多作用，其工作可靠性及寿命的长短一直备受关注。本文考虑杆件锈蚀与杆件初弯曲两种损伤缺陷，推导了杆件等效截面积随时间变化的函数关系，建立了基于时变可靠度的石油井架钢结构剩余寿命预测理论模型；编制了石油井架钢结构的疲劳载荷谱，并应用S-N曲线法及雨流计数原理等相关理论，建立了基于疲劳效应的寿命预测理论；对JJ220/42-K型石油井架钢结构分别进行了基于时变可靠度的和疲劳效应的剩余寿命预测，最后综合分析确定了其剩余寿命。 建立了基于时变可靠度的剩余寿命预测理论。首先研究了传统可靠度的基本理论及时变可靠度的计算方法——时间离散法。继而分析了石油井架钢结构最常见的两种损伤缺陷模式——杆件腐蚀与杆件初弯曲，建立了腐蚀深度随时间变化的腐蚀时变模型；将初弯曲对杆件刚度及强度的影响等效为杆件截面积的减小，引入截面衰减系数变量；最后综合考虑杆件腐蚀与杆件初弯曲，建立了杆件等效截面积随时间变化的时变模型，并给出了剩余寿命预测的具体过程，建立了基于时变可靠度的剩余寿命预测理论模型。 建立了基于疲劳效应的剩余寿命预测理论。研究了基于S-N曲线法的疲劳寿命预测的基本理论。对影响石油井架钢结构疲劳寿命的两种工况——正常工况和“猛提，猛刹”工况进行了研究，确定了两种工况下的程序载荷谱；研究了雨流循环计数法的基本原理，并编制Matlab程序。最后给出了疲劳寿命预测的步骤，建立了基于疲劳效应的寿命预测理论。 对JJ220/42-K型石油井架钢结构实验室模型进行了剩余寿命预测。利用ANSYS有限元软件进行有限元建模。分只考虑腐蚀、腐蚀与初弯曲同时作用两种情况进行分析，编制两种情况下时变模型的有限元分析程序，分析了不同年限时最大应力及可靠性指标变化规律，对其进行了基于时变可靠度的剩余寿命预测；对石油井架钢结构进行瞬态分析，输出两种工况下的应力-时程曲线，根据编制的Matlab雨流计数程序对应力-时程进行循环统计，分考虑损伤与不考虑损伤两种情况对石油井架钢结构进行疲劳寿命预测。最终综合分析确定了其寿命。 关键词: 石油井架钢结构；时变可靠度；疲劳效应；损伤缺陷；剩余寿命 Abstract As one of the important equipments of oil and gas production, oil derrick steel structures play an important role in placing ancillary equipment, drilling, casing and other functions. The length of its working reliability and life has been closely watched. In this paper, considering the effects of initial bending and bar corrosion, the function relation of equivalent cross-sectional area of bar changes over time was deduced, the model of oil derrick steel structures remaining life prediction based on time-varying reliability was set up. The fatigue load spectrum of Oil derrick steel structures was compiled, and according to the s-n curve method and the rain flow count principle and other related theory, the theory of life prediction based on the effects of fatigue was set up. The residual life of the oil derrick steel structures of JJ220/42 - K were predicted based on time-varying reliability and the effects of fatigue. And its residual life was determined based on the analysis above. The prediction theory of residual l