关于穆藕初改善乡民生计的认识及实践.pdf

论穆藕初改善乡民生计的认识与实践 中文摘要 论穆藕初改善乡民生计的认识与实践 中文摘要 穆藕初（1876~1943）是中国近代史上著名的实业家。他认为“立国之要点在于 民生”，从而对改善乡民生计尤为关注，其改良农业、推广植棉改良、创办农夫学堂、 提倡乡村工业等实践活动，在近现代中国历史舞台具有重要的历史影响，对当代社会 主义新农村建设具有重要的借鉴意义。文章以穆藕初改善乡民生计的认识为研究对 象，分析其认识形成的背景、内容及具体实践探索。江南地区悠久的植棉传统，早期 从业的广泛社会实践，美国先进农业的冲击，推动穆藕初探索西学以改善乡民生计； 创业及从政过程中晚晴经济的破败，乡村落后的生产和生活，振兴经济的强烈诉求， 改善民生的迫切愿望及大后方建设的形势需要是穆氏思想形成的催化剂；近代频繁的 政治纷争及落后的生产力水严重危及“三农”问题，乡民生计日蹙；农业改良、工农 互惠、社会化服务等改善乡民生计的实践举措呼之欲出；最后从整体角度对穆氏思想 及其实践进行评析，阐述其意义。 关键词：穆藕初 乡民生计 农事改良 认识与实践 作 者：倪敬敏 指导老师：朱小田 I Abstract Research on Mu Ouchu’s Thought and Practice of Improving the Livelihoods of the Villagers Research on Mu Ouchu’s Thought and Practice of Improving the Livelihoods of the Villagers Abstract Mu Ouchu (1876~1943)was a famous industrialist in modern society. He believed that “the people’s livelihood is the foundation for building a country ”, and thereby particularly concerned about the improvement of the livelihood of the villagers. His practical activities to promote rural industry, such as improvement of agriculture, promotion of improved cotton, founder of farmer schools, has an important reference significance in the history of modern Chinese history stage of building a new socialist countryside. The thesis mainly talks about Mu’s thought of improving the livelihoods of the villagers, analyzed the background, contents and specific practical exploration of Mu’s thought. The long history of planting cotton in regions south of the Yangtze River, different social practices in early days, as well as the advanced agriculture of USA, promoting Mu to improve l