基于模糊自适应PID的炉温控制系统设计.doc

基于模糊自适应PID的炉温控制系统设计 摘 要 温度控制在工业控制中一直是富有新意的课题，对于不同的控制对象有着不同的控制方式和模式。温度系统惯性大、滞后现象严重，难以建立精确的数学模型，给控制过程带来很大难题。本文以加热炉为研究对象，研究一种最佳的控制方案，以达到系统稳定、调节时间短且超调量小的性能指标。 模糊自适应PID的温度控制系统具有真正的智能化和灵活性，越来越多的温度控制系统都基于模糊自适应PID算法而设计。随着控制对象变得复杂，应用常规PID温度控制精度和鲁棒性降低。当控制对象很复杂的情况下，常规PID温度控制器已经不再适用了，为了提高对复杂系统的控制性能，要使用模糊自适应PID温度控制器。一种将PID控制与模糊控制的简便性、灵活性、以及鲁棒性融为一体，构造了一个模糊自适应PID温度控制器。 本文设计了一种基于模糊自适应PID的温度控制系统，以AT89C51单片机为核心，主要做了如下几方面的工作：首先介绍了模糊自适应PID控制理论基础，其次进行系统的硬件设计以及硬件选择，最后进行系统的软件设计以及仿真。 关键词：模糊自适应PID；AT89C51单片机；温度控制；仿真Based on the fuzzy adaptive PID temperature control system design Abstract Temperature control in industrial control has been the subject of innovative, for different control objects have different control methods and models. Temperature system inertia, lag serious, difficult to establish a precise mathematical model, bring great challenges to the control process. In this paper, the furnace as the research object, an optimal control scheme to achieve system stability, settling time is short and small overshoot performance index. Fuzzy PID temperature control system with real intelligence and flexibility, more and more temperature control systems are designed based on fuzzy PID algorithm. With the control object becomes complicated, using conventional PID temperature control accuracy and robustness of the lower. When the control object is a complex situation, conventional PID temperature controller is no longer applied, in order to improve the control performance of complex systems, to use the fuzzy PID temperature controller. A way to PID control and fuzzy control of simplicity, flexibility, and robustness of the integration, we constructed a fuzzy PID temperature controller. This design presents a fuzzy-based PID temperature control system to AT89C51 SCM, made the following main areas of work, first introduce the theory of fuzzy PID control, second for the hardware design and hardware design, and finally to the system software design and simulation. Key words: Fuzzy PID; AT89