复合不定代词与复合不定副词语法.doc

复合不定代词与复合不定副词语法 　　一、复合不定代词及复合不定副词 二、复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式 例：Everyone knows me here. 三、形容词修饰复合不定代词时形容词放后 例：There is something new in todays newspaper. 四、any以及any构成的词多用于否定句、疑问句、if条件句和含否定词的句子中 例：If you dont want anything， please let me know. He is too busy to see anyone come in. The boy is too heavy for anyone to carry. Anyone doesnt know me here. 应改成No one knows me here. 注意：①any以及any构成的词在否定句中不可作主语而应换成相应的 ②any以及any构成的词在否定句中为完全否定 not… any=no not… any one/ anybody=none/ nobody not… anything=nothing not… anywhere=nowhere 例：I cant see anything in the room.=I can see nothing in the room. ③any以及any构成的词也可用于肯定句 any 任何一个 any one=anybody 任何人 anything任何事物 例：He is taller than anyone else in my class. 五、every以及every构成的词在否定句中为不完全否定 例：He knows everything. 改否定句：He knows nothing 而不能改成He doesnt know everything. 他不是事事都懂（否一半）。 六、表示人的复合不定代词用人称代词、物主代词替换时一般用复数形式，有时又可用单数，这要根据上下文来决定 ①If anyone invites you， you have to meet them on time. （前面用单数，后面是宾格复数them） 拓展思维：人称代词有主格宾格之分，主格有I， he， she， it， you， we， they. 宾格有me， him， her， it， you， us， them.主格的要放在主语位置，宾格的要放在宾语位置。主语位置一般放在句首，如：I am a teacher.在英语中，宾格有两个位置，一个在动词后跟宾语，注意不是所有的动词都需要跟宾语。另一个在介词后跟宾语。 如：I give him a book. 这里的give是动词，him是give的宾语（宾语的作用是使谓语所表达的意思更加完整和清楚），因为him的位置是宾语，所以如果在这个位置上用的是人称代词，就得用宾格，而不能用主格的he。 ②No one knows me here， do they？ （前面用单数，后面是复数they） ③Everyone is doing their homework now. ④If anyone calls me， tell him/ her to call back after 8：00. 七、none做主语时，谓语可单可复 例：None of us go/ goes to school by bus. None of us is a cook. 【测一测】 1. All of us were invited， but ____ of us came. A. neither B. none C. both 2. She listened carefully，but heard ____. A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. nothing 3. ――Do you have ____ to say for yourself？ ――NO，I have ____ to say. A. something； everything B. nothing； something C. everything； anything D. anything； nothing 4. Why not ask ____ to help you. A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D.no