我们称X为稳定自由基Whenthestableradicalisaddedintofree.PPTVIP

Pre-determinable Degree of Polymerization Narrow Molecular Weight Distribution 3.2.2 Fundamentals of an ATRP Reaction Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ATRP in Protic Media Homogeneous ATRP Heterogeneous ATRP * 活性自由基聚合 当前工业化聚合物合成中，以自由基法生产为 主，约占总聚合反应工业化生产的30%。然而自由 基聚合本身却有很多缺点：产物结构控制较难，易 双基终止，以及链转移等副反应的存在，使产物的 分子量分布较宽，并带有支链结构，无法有效的控 制分子量。 如果自由基聚合可以受到控制，无转移，无终 止，接近活性聚合。那么结合自由基聚合自身的优 点，其科学和实际意思将十分重大。 Nitroxide Mediated Living radical polymerization (NMP) ????????????????????? Craig J. Hawker, Ph.D. is currently Director of the Materials Research Laboratory and a Professor of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials at the University of California, Santa Barbara. From 1993-2004 he was a Research Staff Member and an investigator in the IBM Almaden Research Center. He received a Ph.D. in bioorganic chemistry from the University of Cambridge in 1988 under the supervision of Prof. Sir Alan Battersby. Jumping into the world of polymer chemistry, he undertook a post-doctoral fellowship with Prof. Jean Frechet at Cornell University from 1988 to 1990 and then returned to the University of Queensland as a Queen Elizabeth II Fellow from 1991 to 1993. Dr. Hawker is Editor of the Journal of Polymer Science, Polymer Chemistry, Adjunct Professor of Chemistry at the University of Queensland and serves as a consultant to a variety of US and international companies. His research has focused on the interface between organic and polymer chemistry with emphasis on the design, synthesis, and application of well-defined macromolecular structures in biotechnology, microelectronics and surface science1 Jean Fréchet MS: the Institut de Chimie et Physique Industrielles (now CPE) in Lyon BS: State University of New York, at Syracuse University. Chemistry Faculty at the University of Ottawa in Canada in 1973. IBM Professor of Polymer Chemistry at Cornell University in 1987. Chemistry Faculty at the University of California, Berkeley in 1997. Chair of Organic Chemistry in