【精选】卫星通信基础(二).docVIP

卫星通信基础（二） 卫星通信的分类 / Classifications for satcom 按照业务划分：固定卫星业务（FSS, Fixed Satellite Service） 广播卫星业务（BSS, Broadcasting Satellite Service） 移动卫星业务（MSS, Mobile Satellite Service） According to services types: FSS, Fixed Satellite Service, satcom service for fixed earth stations BSS, Broadcasting Satellite Service, broadcasting service for audio, video and data MSS, Mobile Satellite Service, communication service for mobile users 按照工作频段划分：L频段，1-2GHz，移动通信、声音广播 S频段，2-3GHz，移动通信、图像广播 C频段，4-6GHz，固定通信、声音广播X频段，7-8GHz，固定通信（通常用于政府和军方业务）Ku频段，10-14GHz，固定通信、电视直播Ka频段，17-31GHz，固定通信、移动通信 According to operational frequency bands: L-band, 1-2GHz, for mobile communication and audio broadcastingr S-band, 2-3GHz, for mobile communication and video broadcasting C-band, 4-6GHz, for fixed communication and audio broadcasting X-band, 7-8GHz, for fixed communication (especially for government and military service) Ku-band, 10-14GHz, for fixed communication and broadcasting Ka-band, 17-31GHz, for fixed and mobile communication 按照轨道高度划分：低轨（LEO），轨道高度低于5000公里 中轨（MEO），轨道高度在5000到20000公里之间 高轨（HEO），轨道高度高于20000公里 According to orbital altitude: LEO, Low Earth Orbit, lower than 5000 km MEO, Medium Earth Orbit, between 5000 and 20000 km HEO, High Earth Orbit, higher than 20000 km 按照轨道类型划分：形状——圆轨道与椭圆轨道 倾角——赤道轨道、倾斜轨道、极轨道 对地静止轨道（GEO）——在赤道平面上的圆轨道，轨道高度约为36000公里 According to orbital types: Type: circle orbit and ellipse orbit Inclined angle: equator orbit, inclined orbit and polar orbit 按照转发器类型划分：透明信道——又称弯管式（bend pipe），不对收自地面的信号作解调处理，经过变频后直接转发回地面 星上处理——对收自地面的信号作解调和交换处理、以及变频和波束选择后，再转发回地面 存储转发——暂时存储收自地面的信号，在特定的时间和地点回传给地面，通常用于低轨小卫星 According to transponder types: Transparent channel or bend pipe: frequency conversion and carrier transmission, without demodulate and other process On-broad processing: including carrier demodulation and switching, even beam exchange Store and transit: normally for LEO mini-satellite, the received signals will be stored temporarily, and then transmitted back to the earth at desired time an