格律和韵律.pptVIP

Poetry 格律和韵律　　英诗格律的基本单位诗音部（foot）， 由特定数目的重读音节和弱读音节按特定方式构成。 常见的音部有以下5种：抑扬格（iambus）、仰抑格（trochee）抑抑扬扬格（anapest）、扬抑扬格（dactyl） 和 扬扬格（spondee）。　　 英诗韵律形式多样。　　End rhyme 意为行尾韵。在分析一首诗的韵律时，常用等英语小写字母标出该诗行尾韵格式（rhyme scheme）。　　Internal rhyme 意尾行中韵，即：同属一个诗行的几个词押韵。　　Half rhyme，partial rhyme，半韵， 几个行尾词元音不同， 但在不同的元音后面却有着相同的辅音。 Ballad Ballad: song or songlike that tells a story(narrative poem). Ballad stanza: A poetic form which usually contains four rhymed lines (quatrain) in each stanza. Refrain: A repeated word, phrase, line, or group of lines. Example : A Red, Red Rose Auld Lang Syne Characteristics: Supernatural events; Sensational, sordid, or tragic subject matter; Omission of detail such as description or characterization; Incremental repetition or phrases or sentences; Refrain; Question-and-answer format; Conventional phrases with specific symbolic or metaphoric meanings; Rhythm (ballad stanza) Heroic couplet Heroic couplet: The poetic form includes a pair of rhymed lines in each stanza. Example: I think that I shall never see A poem lovely as a tree. Blank verse Blank verse: the poetic form is unrhymed. Sonnet Sonnet is a kind of lyric, consisting of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameters(五音步抑扬格) with a fixed rhyming scheme. If We Must DieIf we must die, let it not be like hogsHunted and penned in an inglorious spot,While round us bark the mad and hungry dogs,Marking their mock at our accursed lot.If we must die, O let us nobly die,So that our precious blood may not be shedIn vain; then even the monsters we defyShall be constrained to honor us though dead! O kinsmen! We must meet the common foe!Though far outnumbered let us show us brave,And for their thousand blows deal one deathblow!What though before us lies the open grave?Like men we抣l face the murderous, cowardly pack,Pressed to the wall, dying, but fighting back!????????????????????????????????????Claude McKay, 1889-1948 Identify the rhyme scheme in