多区域贸易隐含碳的时序分析及碳排放责任分担比较.docVIP

多区域贸易隐含碳的时序分析及碳排放责任分担比较 　　摘要：随着全球垂直专业分工的深化，环境责任划分的公平性受到质疑，全面了解全球进出口贸易隐含碳排放量及其影响因素不仅有利于正确认识经济全球化背景下国际贸易造成的污染转移，而且有助于全球低碳政策的制定。本文采用WIOD数据库的数据，将全球划分为EU-27、OECD、BRIC、ROW四个区域，通过构建多区域投入产出（MRIO）模型从生产和消费两个角度分析1995-2009年各区域贸易隐含碳排放。在此基础上，进一步分析了各区域实际负责的碳排放责任与应付责任的差异。结果表明：1995-2009年期间，EU-27、OECD基于消费原则的碳排放责任显著高于其基于生产原则的碳排放责任，而BRIC和ROW则恰好相反，存在突出的“碳泄漏”问题。两种碳排放核算原则下的碳排放量差额在时间序列上呈现加大趋势不仅不利于全球碳减排，而且可能引起全球碳排放总量的增加。消费碳排放核算体系对于碳排放责任的公平界定和加强全球各国减排合作具有重要意义。 　　Abstract： With the further development of the vertical specialization of whole world， the equity of environmental responsibility has been questioned. Fully understanding the embodied carbon in international trade is an urgent need for controlling the carbon emissions transferred by trade and mitigate climate change. Using data from WIOD database， this divided the countries into four divisions， namely， EU-27， OECD， BRIC and other countries. By building a Multi-regional Input-Output （MRIO） model of global carbon emissions， this paper calculates the emissions embodied in trade from 1995 to 2009 based on producer principle and consumer principle. Then， analyzing the interregional difference between producer and consumer responsibility principle. The results indicate that carbon accounting based on consumer responsibility of the EU-27， OECD during 1995-2009 remained significantly higher than producer principle and for BRIC， other countries， the opposite. The difference of carbon emissions between two accounting method is growing， this trend is not conducive to global carbon reduction and may lead to an increase in global carbon emissions. Consumption-based carbon emission accounting method had significant impact on defining countries responsibilities for carbon emission and strengthening of international low-carbon cooperation. 　　?P键词：贸易隐含碳；MRIO模型；消费碳排放；碳排放责任 　　Key words： carbon emissions embodied in trade；multi-regional input-output model；consumption-based carbon emissions；carbon emission responsibility 　　中图分类号：F752 文献标识码：A 文章编号：100