能量代谢途径相关基因变异与肿瘤细胞适应性进化-Zoological.PDFVIP

动 物 学 研 究 2012，Dec. 33(6): 557−565 CN 53-1040/Q ISSN 0254-5853 Zoological Research DOI ：10.3724/SP.J.1141.2012.06557 能量代谢途径相关基因变异与肿瘤细胞适应性进化 刘 佳, 孔庆鹏* ( 中国科学院昆明动物研究所 遗传资源与进化国家重点实验室, 云南昆明 650223) 摘要：肿瘤细胞的快速增殖是一个极其耗能的过程, 尽管如此, 肿瘤细胞即便在有氧条件下也主要以糖酵解 获取能量（有氧糖酵解) ，这是肿瘤细胞的显著特征之一。这种产能方式转变导致肿瘤细胞内部发生一系列生理变 化, 为其快速增殖提供能量物质和用于新细胞合成所需的生物大分子, 同时为有效适应肿瘤微环境改变奠定基 础。该文通过介绍能量代谢相关基因变异研究进展, 基于分子进化视角探讨肿瘤细胞中相关基因可能存在的适应 性进化遗传印记, 为诠释肿瘤细胞能量代谢方式发生转变的可能机制提供新的视角和证据。 关键词：能量代谢; 基因变异; 肿瘤; 适应性进化 中图分类号：Q493.8 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0254-5853-(2012)06-0557-09 Energy metabolism pathway related genes and adaptive evolution of tumor cells LIU Jia, KONG Qing-Peng (State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China) Abstract: The proliferation of tumor cells is an extremely energy-consuming process. However, different from normal cells, tumor cells generate energy via glycolysis even under aerobic conditions, which is one of the ten hallmarks of tumor cells. The switch of energy metabolism results in a series of physiological changes in tumor cells, including rapid generation of ATP and abundent biomass for cell proliferation, which form the basis of tumor cells to successfully adapt to their extreme microenvironment (e.g. lack of oxygen). In this review, we will introduce recent progress in studying somatic mutations on the energy metabolism related genes in tumors, with special focus on the potential factors involving in the “switch” and to decipher the