项目管理MBA讲义（英文PPT）.ppt

Copyright Course Technology 2001 Chapter 1:Introduction to Project Management Motivation for Studying Information Technology (IT) Project Management IT Projects have a terrible track record A 1995 Standish Group study (CHAOS) found that only 16.2% of IT projects were successful and over 31% were canceled before completion, costing over $81 B in the U.S. alone The need for IT projects keeps increasing In 1998, corporate America issued 200,000 new-start application development projects In 2000, there were 300,000 new IT projects, and In 2001, over 500,000 new IT projects were started What Is a Project? A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to accomplish a unique purpose Attributes of projects unique purpose temporary require resources, often from various areas should have a primary sponsor and/or customer involve uncertainty Samples of IT Projects Northwest Airlines developed a new reservation system called ResNet (see chapters 11-16) Many organizations upgrade hardware, software, and networks via projects (see chapter 5 opening and closing case) Organizations develop new software or enhance existing systems to perform many business functions (see examples throughout the text) Note: “IT projects” refers to projects involving hardware, software, and networks The Triple Constraint Every project is constrained in different ways by its Scope goals: What is the project trying to accomplish? Time goals: How long should it take to complete? Cost goals: What should it cost? It is the project manager’s duty to balance these three often competing goals The 2001 Standish Group Report Showed Decided Improvement in IT Project Success Rates From the 1995 Study Time overruns significantly decreased to 63% compared to 222% Cost overruns were down to 45% compared to 189% Required features and functions were up to 67% compared to 61% 78,000 U.S. projects were successful compared to 28,000 28% of IT projects succeeded compared to 16% Why the Improvements? The reasons for