【精选】托福阅读自然科学类文章之Surge Glaciers-智课教育旗下智课教育.pdf

智 课 网 托 福 备 考 资 料 托福阅读自然科学类文章之Surge Glaciers-智课教育旗下智课教育 自然学科是托福阅读文章题材中比较常见的类型，本文和大家分享 的是自然科学类文章汇总系列的内容，供考生参考使用，希望考生能够 认真备考，预祝考生能够考出好成绩。 自然学科是托福阅读 文章题材中比较常见的类型，本系列为大家汇 总整理了多篇托福阅读自然科学类文章，大家在托福备考时可以有针对 性的进行复习，本篇为大家带来的是Surge Glaciers，并附有相应的练习，希望大家都能顺利拿下托福阅读 高分。 Surge Glaciers Keywords: surge, glaciers, Hubbards surge, Valerie Glacier, ice age During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glacier move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The surge often progresses along a glacier like a great wave, proceeding from one section to another. Subglacial streams of meltwater might act as a lubricant, allowing the glacier to flow rapidly toward the sea. The increasing water pressure under the glacier might lift it off its bed, overcoming the friction between ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly sliders downhill surge glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes. However, many of these glaciers exist in the same areas as normal glaciers, often almost side by side. Some 800 years ago, Alaskas Hubbard Glacier advanced toward the sea, retreated, and advanced again 500 years later. Since 1895, this seventy-mile-long river of ice has been flowing steadily toward the Gulf of Alaska at a rate of approximately 200 feet per year. In June 1986, however, the glacier surged ahead as much as 47 feet a day. Meanwhile, a western tributary, called Valerie Glacier, advanced up to 112 feet per day. Hubbards surge closed off Russell Fiord with a formidable ice dam, some 2,500 feet wide and up to 800 feet high, whose caged waters threatened the town of Yakutat to the south. About 20 similar glaciers around the Gulf of Alaska are heading toward the sea. If enough surge glaciers reach the ocean and raise sea levels, W