时间自动机可达性分析中的状态空间约减技术综述头.pdfVIP

计算机科学 2006Vol. 33NQ. 6 时间自动机可达性分析中的状态空间约减技术综述头) 陈铭松赵建华李宣东郑国梁 (南京大学计算机软件新技术国家重点实验室 南京大学计算机科学与技术系 南京 210093) 摘 要 时间自动机是检验实时系统建模的有效工具，其可达性分析可以检验系统是否可能达到某些特定的状态，其 算法通常采用对符号状态的枚举来追历其状态空间。因为引入了时钟变量，时间自动机的可达性分析算法会产生大 量的中间状态，需要巨大的存储空间，往往超出了计算机能力的极限，导致分析和检验不能完成。这就是所谓的状态 空间爆炸。研究人员设计了很多种优化技术来约减可达性分析所需的存储空间，以解决或者缓解这个问题。本文首 先介绍了时间自动机及其可达性分析的基本概念，然后分类讨论了现有的空间约减优化技术并对此做出总结，最后提 出了一些未来的研究方向。 关键词 实时系统，时间自动机，状态空间爆炸，可达性分析 A Study of Optimization Techniques about Reachability in Timed Automata CHEN Ming- Song ZHAO Jian-Hua LI Xuan- Dong ZHENG Guo-Liang (National Laboratory of Novel Software Technology ,Department of Computer Science and Technology ,Nanjing University ,Nanjing 210093) Abstract Timed automaton is a useful modeling tool for real-time systems. To check whether a system can reach a specific state ,the reachability analysis algorithms explore the state space of timed automata by enumeration of symbolic states. Since clocks are üsed in timed automata ,the algorithms generate large number of temporary states during state space exploration ,so it requires a huge amount of computer memory. When such requirement excesses the feasible limi tation ,the model checking algorithm fails to return a resul t. This is the so called state space explosion problem. Many researchers contrive various optimization techniques to solve or mitigate this headache problem. This paper firstly presents the basic introduction of timed automata , then discusses some useful optimization techniques and gives a con- clusion. Finally , some future directions are proposed. Ke沪lIords Real-time system ,Timed automata , State space explosion ,Reachability analysis 取值可以是实数，时间自动机具