电子显微分析（章晓中）教学课件chapter2.pdfVIP

通知 • 10月11 日的课因故停上一次 Chapter 2 Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) Structure of TEM (1) illumination system Electron optics system (2) imaging system (3) image viewing and recording system TEM Vacuum system Power Supply and control system Illumination system Imaging system Image viewing and recording 2.1 The illumination system (照明系统） consists of – electron gun （电子枪） provides electron source – condenser lenses （会聚镜） controls the electron beam 2.1.1 Electron gun • provides source of electrons to illuminate the specimen. • There are two kinds of electron sources: – thermionic source – field-emission gun (FEG) 场发射枪 Thermionic Emission • Mechanism: If any material to be heated to a W filament high enough temperature, the electrons gains sufficient energy to overcome the natural barrier (work function) that prevents them from leaking out to escape from the source. • Two thermionic sources used in practice are LaB6 crystal tungsten filament (钨灯 丝) and LaB6 crystal (六 硼化镧). Thermionic gun A high voltage is placed between the filament (acting as a cathode) and the anode, modified by a potential on the Wehnelt which acts to focus the electrons into a crossover, with diameter d and 0 convergence/dive