英国文学史文艺复兴时期复习资料.doc

The Renaissance Time: 1500–1660 The English Renaissance was a cultural and artistic movement in England dating from the late 15th and early 16th centuries to the early 17th century. Backgrounds: Following the introduction of a printing press into England by William Caxton in 1476, vernacular literature flourished The Reformation（宗教改革） inspired the production of vernacular（白话的） liturgy（祈祷书） which led to the Book of Common Prayer（英国国教教会祈祷书）, a lasting influence on literary language. Representatives: Poets: Edmund Spenser ( 1552–1599) Works: The Faerie Queene Epithalamion Amoretti William Shakespeare Works: Sonnet 18 A Lovers Complaint The Phoenix and the Turtle Sir Philip Sidney(1554–1586) Works: Astrophel and Stella The Defence of Poetry(essay) The Countess of Pembrokes Arcadia (Prose) Blank verse: blank verse is poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter Sonnet: a poem of fourteen lines that follows a strict rhyme scheme and specific structure. A Shakespearean, or English, sonnet consists of fourteen lines written in iambic pentameter, a pattern in which an unstressed syllable is followed by a stressed syllable five times. The rhyme scheme :a-b-a-b, c-d-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-g three quatrains and one couplet. A Italian sonnet includes two parts that together formed a compact form of argument. First, the octave (two quatrains), forms the proposition, which describes a problem, or question, followed by a sestet (two tercets), which proposes a resolution. Typically, the ninth line initiates what is called the turn, or volta, which signals the move from proposition to resolution. The rhyme scheme: a-b-b-a, a-b-b-a, c-d-e-c-d-e or a-b-b-a, a-b-b-a, c-d-c-c-d-c Dramatist: Christopher Marlowe Doctor Faustus William Shakespeare Four comedies: A Midsummer Nights Dream《仲夏夜之梦》 Merchant of Venice《威尼斯商人》 As You Like It《皆大欢喜》 Twelfth Night《第十二夜》 Four tragedies: Hamlet《哈姆雷特》 Othello《奥赛罗》Macbeth《麦克白》 King Lear《李尔王》 Ben Jonson Works: Volpone Epicoene The