必修5 Unit 1词汇及语法解析.docVIP

必修5?Unit?1词汇及语法解析 1. characteristic用作名词，意思是“特点；特征；特性”与feature意思相近。它也可用作形容词意为“典型的；具有…的特点的”。Traffic jams are a characteristic of large cities. 堵车是大城市的特点。The smell is characteristic of garlic. 这气味是大蒜的特点。He speaks with characteristic passion. 他以特有的热情说话。???? 2. put forward的意思是“提出主意、计划（offer, suggest , an idea）等”。He often puts forward some useful advice. 他常常提出一些有用的建议。〖帮你归纳〗put的常用词组有：put aside节省（钱、时间）；储蓄；把……放在一边? put away储存（钱）；放好?put back拨慢；搁置? put down放下；记下；击败；使（飞机）着陆； put off延期；推迟?put on上演；穿上；戴上? put out熄灭；关掉；扑灭? put through接通电话；完成??put up with忍受；忍耐? put into action/effect/practice实施；实行3. examine 的意思是“检查；审查；诊察；考察；测验”。The doctor examined her carefully.医生仔细地给她作了检查。The teacher examined the students on the book they read. 老师就学生读的书考学生。examine指的是仔细观察以了解或发现什么东西，也可用于医生检查病人，以书面或口头的形式考察学生的知识与能力。check指的是通过检查以确保某事物正确、安全、满意或处于良好状态，核对，核实某物等。test指的是检验和衡量某物或某人的品质、质量等，测验某人在某方面的知识或能力，还有实验、考验的意思。He is examining a theory. 他正在查验一个理论。You’d better check the tires. 你最好检查一下轮胎。They are testing the water for pollution. 他们在检验水污染情况。4. repeat作为动词的意思是“重复；重做；”，相当于say/do again，故repeat不能与again连用Can you repeat this experiment? 你能否把这项试验重做一遍？5. attend 的意思是“照顾(take care of, look after)；护理；出席；参加;上(学)等。She attended him in hospital.她在医院护理他。Only a few friends attended their wedding.只有几个朋友参加他们的婚礼。He attended college in 1999.他在1999年去上大学。attend on/upon侍候；随行? She is attending upon the patient. 他在侍候病人。attend to致力于；专心于；处理；照顾Attend to work and stop talking.专心工作，不要说话。6. ease用作动词，意思是“减轻；消除；舒缓；放松”，表示消除某人的痛苦时用结构“ease sb. of sth.”；也可以用作名词，意为“舒适；自在；不拘束；容易”。These pills will ease the headache. 这些药丸会减轻头疼。Walking helped to ease him of his pain. 他散了散步减轻了一些痛苦。Her words gave ease to my distracted mind. 我心神不宁，她的话使我宽心。ease作名词时的常见搭配：at ease放松；自如；不拘束? be/feel at ease感到舒适? ill at ease不自在；感到拘束? put/set sb. at one’s ease使某人感到舒适、不拘束? with ease容易地；无困难地7. exposed to cholera 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰people。相当于定语从句which were exposed to cholera。expose的意思是“暴露；揭露；使曝光”，常与介词to连用，表示“使暴露于（日光、风雨等）；受到风险；使面临”的意思。The soil was washed a