地下开采自动化策略.doc

Strategy of Automation for Underground Mining Abstract - There are objective preconditions for computer integrated mining, such as deep mines and dangerous conditions of work. Future mining will be based on underground machines that. H!ill be controlled from surface. The paper is -aimed to consider the sequence of automation towards computer integrated mining. System an operator on surface - a set of underground machines is simulated by GPSS/H?as a mass service system. Decision-making for loading and transporting of useful minerals is simulated by Petri nets. Use of on-board RFID for mine planning is suggested. Some applications of mine robotics, mine simulation and animation, multi-agent mining are analyzed in the paper. Cost-effectfor mine automation and milestones to intelligent mine are considered in the paper. 1. Introduction Ore deposits that were suitable for traditional mining are almost exhausted already. The deeper a mining is, the more dangerous, more unpleasant, and more expensive miners work is. Employer loses a lot of money to transport miners for underground work. It is difficult, to co-ordinate mining actions in space and time. The following strategies of unmanned mining could be realized: ●undergroun.d dilution of useful minerals; ●substitution of miners by remote-controlled manipulators; ●control of underground machines from surface. The first strategy is ecologically dangerous. The second strategy will maintain traditional mining that was oriented on limited mens possibilities. Besides, it will be necessary to present the full information about working conditions for an operator. That is why, the third strategy is more perspective for mining. Unfortunately, mining is found on the last place to master new ideas of factory automation. Both changing environment and conservatism of mining engineers create obstacles to using of modem automation. The long-term dream of people is - to realize underground mining without underground miners. Future mining