grammar terms 英语语法复习 专业四级.docVIP

重点语法点 1.动词的各种时态： 动词是语法学习的难点，其中涉及到的考点特别多，尤其是非限定动词的三种形式，即不定式、-ing 分词和-ed分词。 No one can walk the wire without a bit of fear unless _____ very young. a. having been trained b. trained c. to be trained d. being trained 2. 比较结构 注意比较结构的省略（omit）和替代（substitute）等问题，也注意一些习惯用法 Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than ____ eastern Nebraska. a. in b. it receives in c. does d. it does in 3. 关系词 比较难的几个关系词是关系代词whose 及关系副词when, where 等，要彻底了解它们的用法。 This company has now introduced a policy ________ pay rises are related to performance at work. a. which b. where c. whether d. what 4. 短语动词 动词加上小品词就会构成形形色色的短语动词，有时一字之差，意思大不一样。 He looked like an Englishman, but his foreign accent gave him ___. a. in b. away c. up d. over 5. 灵活掌握各种语法结构，不可生搬硬套条条框框。 Her facial expression suggested that she ________ angry. a. should be b. must be c. was d. be Exercise 1. Noun 名词 Classes of N: countable and uncountable Conversion of uncountable into countable 不可数名词转化为可数名词 Irregular plurals 不规则复数 Case of N 名词的格 2. Nominalization 名词化 With subject converted into premodifier (possessive case) or postmodifier (of-phrase, by-phrase) 主语转化为前位修饰语（所有格）或后位修饰语（of 短语，by 短语） With object converted into postmodifier 宾语转化为后位修饰语 With adverbial converted into premodifier (adj instead of adv) or postmodifier (prep-phrase, to V, sub-clause) 状语转化为前位修饰语（副词改为形容词）或后位修饰语（介词短语，to V，从句） 3. Pronoun 代词 4. Pro-forms 替代形式 Pro-forms for noun phrases 名词短语的替代形式 Pro-forms for adverbial 副词的替代形式 then, thus Pro-forms for predicate 谓语的替代形式 do, do so, so do, so will Sentence/Clause reference 句子或从句的替代形式 this, the following 5. Numeral 数词 Cardinal and ordinal numbers 基数词和序数词 Fraction 分数 Decimal 小数【desimol】 Percentage 百分数 Multiple 倍数 （n times +N/Pron）(n times+as+Adj/Adv) (n times+Comparative+than) (V+(by)+n times) 6.Determiners 限定词 Definite，indefinite，and zero 定冠词，不定冠词和零冠词 Quantifiers 数量词 7. Adjective: syntactic function 形容词的句法功能 a. attributive and predicative 定语和表语 b. adjective functioning a