生物学专业英语模拟试卷.docVIP

专业英语 一、摘要： 1. 动物转基因新技术研究进展 摘要：动物转基因技术是将外源基因导入动物体内，外源基因随机整合或定点整合（打靶）在染色体基因组上并得到表达和遗传的生物技术。该技术自发现以来,在畜牧业、医药产业、环境保护以及新型生物材料等领域已得到了广泛应用。本文主要就近年来迅速发展起来的慢病毒载体导入法、精原干细胞法、锌指核酸酶介导的基因打靶、RNA 干扰介导的基因沉默等新的高效转基因技术进行了概述。 关键词: 转基因技术；动物；慢病毒载体；精原干细胞；锌指核酸酶；RNA 干扰 Progress in Research of Animal Transgenic Technology Abstract：Animal transgenic technology refers to the transfer of an exogenous gene into animal genome by random or site-specific integration and the foreign gene can be expressed and inherited to the offspring. Various technologies in animal transgenesis have now been widely applied to areas such as animal husbandry, medical industry, environmental protection and new biological materials production. This article reviews the recently developed technologies based on lentivectors, spermatogonial stem cells, zinc finger nucleases and RNA interference. Key words: transgenic technology; animal; lentivectors; spermatogonial stem cells; zinc-finger nucleases; RNA interference 2. 转PEPC+PPDK 双基因水稻的光合特性 摘要：【目的】系统研究ATP 处理后转PEPC+PPDK 双基因水稻的光合特性，证明ATP 是增强转C4 基因水稻光合能力的关键因子。【方法】以原种和转PEPC+PPDK 双基因水稻为材料，进行了PCR 检测，C4 光合酶活性的测定。通过ATP 处理后，分析了光、温—光合曲线和活性氧代谢有关指标，统计分析了相关的产量构成因素。【结果】原种中虽有全套的C4 光合酶，但活性很低。PCR 检测出玉米的PEPC 和PPDK 基因转入普通水稻后，转PEPC+PPDK 双基因水稻高表达了C4 光合酶活性。在高光和高温条件下，同未施ATP 的相比，ATP 处理后转PEPC+PPDK 双基因水稻光合速率分别提高17%和12%。在光氧化条件下，耐光氧化能力进一步增强，产量提高15%。【结论】ATP 处理后,转PEPC+PPDK 双基因水稻增强了光合生产力，表明ATP 是设计类似C4 水稻的关键因子。 关键词：转基因水稻；光合特性； C4 光合途径；ATP Photosynthetic Characteristics of Transgenic Rice with PEPC+PPDK Gene Abstract:【Objective】The aim of this paper is to study photosynthetic characteristics of PEPC+PPDK transgenic rice for demonstrating that ATP is the key factor enhancing the photosynthetic capacity in transgenic rice with C4 genes.【Method】 With the untransformed rice and PEPC+PPDK transgenic rice as the materials, PCR test and the activity of C4 photosynthetic enzymes were conducted. After the ATP treatment , the light, temperature-photosynthetic curves, the parameters related to the metabolism